The Indian Industrial Relations System: Struggling to Address the Dynamics of a Globalizing Economy
The Indian Industrial Relations System: Struggling to Address the Dynamics of a Globalizing Economy
复制标题
印度劳资关系体系：努力应对全球化经济的动态
DOI：
10.1177/0022185609104305
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Elizabeth Hill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elizabeth Hill
印度的劳资关系体系几十年来一直面临压力，随着该国更加融入全球经济，新的问题也不断出现。该系统的主要结构是在独立前建立的，基本上保持不变。这个体系是高度集中的，国家是资本和劳动力之间的主要调解人。工会历来通过以政党为基础的联合会与国家保持密切关系，但这破坏了工会在发展强大的基层选区和集体谈判经验方面的成功。本文概述了印度劳资关系体系的演变以及在经济变革背景下出现的劳动力市场改革辩论。印度劳动力市场的结构、非正规或“无组织”劳动力的庞大规模及其在工业体系之外的位置是印度劳资关系面临的根本挑战。迫切需要建立一个包容所有工人的制度，特别是考虑到印度的人口状况和未来十年工作年龄人口数量的预期增加。女工的经历以及工业系统和工会运动未能理解和满足她们的需要，也是印度劳资关系面临的一个重要挑战。
The industrial relations system in India has been under pressure for decades and new problems are emerging as the country becomes more integrated into the global economy. The main architecture of the system was established prior to Independence and remains mostly unchanged. The system is highly centralized and the state is the main mediator between capital and labour. Unions have historically enjoyed a close relationship with the state through party-based federations, but this has undermined their success developing a robust grassroots constituency and experience in collective bargaining. This essay provides a broad overview of the evolution of the Indian system of industrial relations and the labour market reform debate that has arisen in the context of economic change. The structure of the Indian labour market, the overwhelming size of the informal or `unorganized' workforce, and its location outside the industrial system is the fundamental challenge facing Indian industrial relations. There is an urgent need to develop a system that embraces all workers especially given India's demographic profile and the expected increase in the number of working age people over the next decade. The experience of women workers and the failure of both the industrial system and the union movement to understand and accommodate their needs is also an important challenge for industrial relations in India.