Bridged polysilsesquioxane membranes for water desalination
Bridged polysilsesquioxane membranes for water desalination
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DOI：
10.1038/s41428-019-0237-9
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发表时间：
2019-11
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Kazuki Yamamoto;J. Ohshita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kazuki Yamamoto;J. Ohshita
通过反渗透（RO）膜的水淡化是从海水生产纯水的重要技术。高性能膜材料已经被广泛开发，因为这些材料在实际的水分离过程中作为核心元件是有用的。桥聚倍半硅氧烷（PSQ）衍生膜是有前途的候选人强大的反渗透膜，因为他们表现出高的热稳定性和耐氯性相比，传统的芳香族聚酰胺膜。这篇综述报告了我们最近的研究，涉及反渗透膜的发展为基础的桥接PSQs。我们的目标是通过优化桥连PSQ结构，获得高水渗透率和高盐截留率。我们已经发现，引入亲水性和/或刚性桥接单元倾向于增强水渗透性。介绍了用于海水淡化的桥结构PSQ反渗透膜的制备和评价。桥连PSQ膜通常通过使用溶胶-凝胶法制备，所述溶胶-凝胶法涉及桥连烷氧基硅烷前体的水解/缩合以形成溶胶，随后涂覆所得溶胶并煅烧经涂覆的溶胶以提供凝胶膜。由于溶胶-凝胶法是一个复杂的多步骤过程，因此一直在开发一种新的更简单的方法。在此，我们总结了最近引入的界面聚合方法，作为一种新的方法，容易制备桥接PSQ反渗透膜。
Water desalination through a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane is an important technology for producing pure water from seawater. High-performance membrane materials have been extensively developed because these materials are useful as core elements in practical water separation processes. Bridged polysilsesquioxane (PSQ)-derived membranes are promising candidates for robust RO membranes because they exhibit high thermal stability and chlorine resistance compared to conventional aromatic polyamide membranes. This review reports on our recent studies involving the development of RO membranes based on bridged PSQs. Our goal is to attain high water permeance with high salt rejection by optimizing the bridged PSQ structure. We have found that the introduction of hydrophilic and/or rigid bridging units tends to enhance water permeability. The preparation and evaluation of bridged PSQ RO membranes for water desalination based on the effects of the bridge structures are described. The bridged PSQ membranes are typically prepared by using a sol–gel process that involves hydrolysis/condensation of bridged alkoxysilane precursors to form sols followed by coating of the resulting sols and calcination of the coated sols to afford the gel membranes. Because the sol–gel process is a complicated multistep process, the development of a new and simpler process has been pursued. Herein, we summarize the recently introduced interfacial polymerization approach as a new method to readily prepare bridged PSQ RO membranes.