MalariaSphere: A greenhouse-enclosed simulation of a natural Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) ecosystem in western Kenya.
MalariaSphere: A greenhouse-enclosed simulation of a natural Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) ecosystem in western Kenya.
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2875-1-19
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发表时间：
2002-12-18
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Killeen, Gerry F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knols, Bart G.J.;Njiru, Basilio N.;Killeen, Gerry F.
背景资料：为在非洲控制疟疾而制定和实施创新性病媒控制战略，需要在封闭的半野外环境中进行深入的生态研究。这特别适用于对疟原虫感染难治的基因工程载体的开发和释放。在这里，我们描述了一个修改后的温室，旨在模拟自然冈比亚按蚊贾尔斯生态系统，并首次成功的试验，以完成这种蚊子载体的生命周期。研究方法：我们建造了一个当地的房子，种植农作物，并创建了繁殖场所，以模拟这种载体的自然生态系统，在一个屏幕墙温室，暴露于环境气候条件下，在肯尼亚西部。使用三个不同的释放起点（吸血雌性，处女雌性和雄性，或蛋），我们允许生命周期的后续阶段在密切观察下进行，直到一个周期完成。结果如下：在所有三个试验中观察到的生命周期的完成，表明主要的生活史行为（交配，糖喂养，产卵和主机寻求）成功地发生。结论：所描述的系统可用于研究实验室饲养的和野生蚊子的行为生态学，并适合于包含转基因的稳定性，健身效果和遗传工程疾病载体的表型特征的研究。这种方法的扩展，使连续和重叠的昆虫世代的持续维护，应优先考虑。半野外系统是一种很有希望的手段，可以大大提高我们对非洲疟疾病媒的行为和进化生态学的了解，并提高我们制定和评价创新控制战略的能力。关于转基因蚊子，开发这种系统是全面实地释放的必要先决条件。
Background: The development and implementation of innovative vector control strategies for malaria control in Africa requires in-depth ecological studies in contained semi-field environments. This particularly applies to the development and release of genetically-engineered vectors that are refractory to Plasmodium infection. Here we describe a modified greenhouse, designed to simulate a natural Anopheles gambiae Giles ecosystem, and the first successful trials to complete the life-cycle of this mosquito vector therein. Methods: We constructed a local house, planted crops and created breeding sites to simulate the natural ecosystem of this vector in a screen-walled greenhouse, exposed to ambient climate conditions, in western Kenya. Using three different starting points for release (blood-fed females, virgin females and males, or eggs), we allowed subsequent stages of the life-cycle to proceed under close observation until one cycle was completed. Results: Completion of the life-cycle was observed in all three trials, indicating that the major life-history behaviours (mating, sugar feeding, oviposition and host seeking) occurred successfully. Conclusion: The system described can be used to study the behavioural ecology of laboratory-reared and wild mosquitoes, and lends itself to contained studies on the stability of transgenes, fitness effects and phenotypic characteristics of genetically-engineered disease vectors. The extension of this approach, to enable continuous maintenance of successive and overlapping insect generations, should be prioritised. Semi-field systems represent a promising means to significantly enhance our understanding of the behavioural and evolutionary ecology of African malaria vectors and our ability to develop and evaluate innovative control strategies. With regard to genetically-modified mosquitoes, development of such systems is an essential prerequisite to full field releases.