Fluorescent probes of biological membranes.
Fluorescent probes of biological membranes.
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生物膜的荧光探针。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1970
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
L. Stryer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Waggoner;L. Stryer
具有易于解释的发射特性的荧光和磷光体探针可以特异性地转化为生物大分子，以揭示其结构和生物学的方面：（1）邻近性。单重态-单重态和三重态-单重态能量转移可用作10-65 A范围内的光谱标尺，而三重态-三重态转移可用于显示两个基团相距小于约12 A。(2)旋转运动。纳秒荧光偏振测量可以揭示大分子系统在纳秒时间内是否具有任何柔性模式。(3)极性。在某些发色团的环境中存在移动的偶极子反映在它们的荧光量子产率和发射光谱中。我们已经合成了一系列新的生物膜荧光探针。蒽酰硬脂酸（I）、丹酰磷脂酰乙醇胺（II）和十八烷基萘胺磺酸（III）容易地并入由磷脂酰胆碱组成的双层囊泡中。这些探针在囊泡中的发射光谱表明，发色团I位于烃区域，II位于甘油层，III位于双层的水界面。因此，荧光发色团可以被选择性地放置在模型膜系统的不同横向区域中。
FLUORESCENT AND PHOSPHORESCENT PROBES THAT HAVE READILY INTERPRETABLE EMISSION PROPERTIES CAN BE SPECIFICALLY INSERTED INTO BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES TO REVEAL FACETS OF THEIR STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS: (1) Proximity. Singlet-singlet and triplet-singlet energy transfer can serve as spectroscopic rulers in the 10-65 A range, whereas triplet-triplet transfer can be used to show that two groups are less than about 12 A apart. (2) Rotational mobility. Nanosecond fluorescence polarization measurements can reveal whether a macromolecular system has any modes of flexibility in times of nanoseconds. (3) Polarity. The presence of mobile dipoles in the environment of certain chromophores is reflected in their fluorescence quantum yield and emission spectrum. We have synthesized a number of new fluorescent probes for biological membranes. Anthroyl stearic acid (I), dansyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (II), and octadecyl naphthylamine sulfonic acid (III) are readily incorporated into bilayer vesicles composed of phosphatidyl choline. The emission spectra of these probes in the vesicles indicate that the chromophore of I is located in the hydrocarbon region, that of II is located in the glycerol layer, and that of III is located at the aqueous interface of the bilayer. Thus, fluorescent chromophores can be selectively placed in different transverse regions of a model membrane system.