Phytotelm size in relation to parental care and mating strategies in two species of Peruvian poison frogs
Phytotelm size in relation to parental care and mating strategies in two species of Peruvian poison frogs
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DOI：
10.1163/156853908785387647
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Summers, Kyle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, Jason L.;Twomey, Evan;Summers, Kyle
进化生物学家对促进生殖策略进化的因素非常感兴趣。在热带两栖动物中，捕食和竞争被认为发挥着重要作用。石斛科毒蛙表现出使用非常小的水池和增加亲代照顾的趋势，特别是石斛蛙属。一些具有雌性亲本照顾、不对称双亲照顾和双亲照顾的物种已经进化出与使用非常小的植物相关的新行为。据推测，捕食和竞争施加的选择压力有利于小型植物的使用，这反过来又产生了营养蛋供应的选择，以改善可用营养物质的缺乏。为了阐明与从单亲男性照顾到双亲照顾的转变相关的生态因素以及相关的社会行为变化，我们评估了模仿石斛和变异石斛之间的关键行为和生态差异。 Dendrobates imitator 在不同植物物种中使用比 D. variabilis 更小的 phytotelmata 进行蝌蚪和胚胎沉积。变异 D. variabilis 的亲本策略仅限于雄性亲本照顾，而 D. imitator 表现出双亲照顾。据观察，D. variabilis 的雄性和雌性具有混杂的交配系统，且交配忠诚度较低。这与 D. 模仿者形成鲜明对比，在模仿者中，配对的雄性和雌性每天都会互动，但从未观察到它们会向其他配偶求爱。我们的结果与假设相一致，即这些物种之间的一个关键生态差异（涉及通常用于繁殖的池的大小）与模仿者的双亲照顾和一夫一妻制的进化密切相关。
Factors contributing to the evolution of reproductive strategies have been of great interest to evolutionary biologists. In tropical amphibians predation and competition have been suggested to play a major role. Poison frogs of the family Dendrobatidae display a trend towards the use of very small pools and increased parental care, particularly in the genus Dendrobates. Some species with female parental care, asymmetrical biparental care and biparental care, have evolved novel behaviors in association with the use very small phytotelmata. It has been hypothesized that selection pressure imposed by predation and competition favored the use of small phytotelmata, and this, in turn, produced selection for trophic egg provisioning to ameliorate the lack of available nutrients. To elucidate the ecological factors associated with the transition from uniparental male care to biparental care and associated changes in social behaviors, we evaluated key behavioral and ecological differences between Dendrobates imitator and D. variabilis. Dendrobates imitator used significantly smaller phytotelmata in different plant species than D. variabilis for tadpole and embryo deposition. The parental strategy of D. variabilis was limited to male parental care, whereas D. imitator exhibited biparental care. Males and females of D. variabilis were observed to have a promiscuous mating system with little mate fidelity. This contrasted with D. imitator, where paired males and females were observed interacting daily and were never observed courting additional mates. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that a key ecological difference between these species, involving the size of pools typically used for reproduction, is strongly associated with the evolution of biparental care and monogamy in D. imitator.