Ozone Uptake During Inspiratory Flow in a Model of the Larynx, Trachea and Primary Bronchial Bifurcation.
Ozone Uptake During Inspiratory Flow in a Model of the Larynx, Trachea and Primary Bronchial Bifurcation.
复制标题
喉、气管和主支气管分叉模型中吸气流量期间的臭氧吸收。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ces.2009.05.017
复制
发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Borhan,Ali
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Padaki,Amit;Ultman,JamesS;Borhan,Ali
Three-dimensional simulations of the transport and uptake of a reactive gas such as O3were compared between an idealized model of the larynx, trachea, and first bifurcation and a second “control” model in which the larynx was replaced by an equivalent, cylindrical, tube segment. The Navier–Stokes equations, Spalart–Allmaras turbulence equation, and convection–diffusion equation were implemented at conditions reflecting inhalation into an adult human lung. Simulation results were used to analyze axial velocity, turbulent viscosity, local fractional uptake, and regional uptake. Axial velocity data revealed a strong laryngeal jet with a reattachment point in the proximal trachea. Turbulent viscosity data indicated that jet turbulence occurred only at high Reynolds numbers and was attenuated by the first bifurcation. Local fractional uptake data affirmed hotspots previously reported at the first carina, and suggested additional hotspots at the glottal constriction and jet reattachment point in the proximal trachea. These laryngeal effects strongly depended on inlet Reynolds number, with maximal effects (approaching 15%) occurring at maximal inlet flow rates. While the increase in the regional uptake caused by the larynx subsided by the end of the model, the effect of the larynx on cumulative uptake persisted further downstream. These results suggest that with prolonged exposure to a reactive gas, entire regions of the larynx and proximal trachea could show signs of tissue injury.
