Phylogeny and taxonomy of the Compositae
Phylogeny and taxonomy of the Compositae
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DOI：
10.2307/2422084
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发表时间：
1955-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
CRONQUIST, ARTHUR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CRONQUIST, ARTHUR
菊科的祖先原型被认为是一种对生叶草本植物，有少量多花的头状花序，多叶，几列的总苞，羽状花托，雌蕊，可育，黄色束，完全的黄色盘状花，裂片中脉发育，羽状的5成员的冠状花序，合生，无尾花药，花柱分枝上没有分化良好的柱头线。目前还没有一个属结合了所有这些特征，但如果这种植物存在，它将被归入太阳花科，太阳花科被认为是其他11个部落的祖先。Helenieae是Heliantheae的几个亚部落的人工组合，它们分别失去了容器箔条。复合科花序的进化倾向主要可以归为聚集和还原。这些只不过是导致家庭发展的趋势的继续。菊科是一个完全自然的群体，可能最终与Rubiales有关，尽管关系的证据还没有定论。菊科和锦葵科之间的相似可能是偶然的。摘要作者：Arthur Cronquist
The ancestral prototype of the Compositae is considered to have been an opposite-leaved herb, with few, many-flowered heads, leafy, several-seriate involucre, chaffy receptacle, pistillate, fertile, yellow rays, perfect, yellow disk-flowers with the midvein of the lobes developed, a chaffy pappus of 5 members, connate, tail-less anthers, and without well differentiated stigmatic lines on the style-branches. No presently existing genus combines all these features, but if such a plant existed it would be placed in the Heliantheae, which are considered ancestral to the other 11 tribes. The Helenieae are an artificial assemblage of several subtribes of the Heliantheae which have separately lost the receptacular chaff. The evolutionary tendencies operating in the inflorescence of the Compositae can mostly be grouped under the headings of aggregation and reduction. These represent merely a continuation of the trends which led to the development of the family. The Compositae are a wholly natural group, probably eventually related to the Rubiales, although the evidence of relationship is not conclusive. The resemblance between the Compositae and Cam-panulaceae is probably fortuitous. || ABSTRACT AUTHORS: Arthur Cronquist