Frequency and intensity of facilitation reveal opposing patterns along a stress gradient.
Frequency and intensity of facilitation reveal opposing patterns along a stress gradient.
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.3855
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发表时间：
2018-03
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Zimmermann NE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gallien L;Zurell D;Zimmermann NE
解开生态群落结构的不同过程是一个长期的挑战。在物种丰富的生态系统中，到目前为止，大多数重点都放在环境过滤和竞争过程上，而物种之间的促进性相互作用仍然没有得到充分的研究。在这里，我们提出了一个分析框架，不仅允许识别对促进和促进物种，但也估计的强度促进和它的变化沿着环境梯度。我们的框架结合了共现和共丰度模式的分析，使用沿环境梯度的移动窗口方法沿着来控制共丰度分析中环境过滤的潜在混淆效应。我们首先针对群落聚集模拟验证了我们的新方法，并在1，134个大型植物群落地块数据集上举例说明了其潜力。我们的研究结果表明，在冷胁迫下，促进强度最强，而在干旱胁迫下，促进和易化物种的比例较高。此外，个别促进物种和他们的促进物种之间的功能距离显着改变沿着温度-水分梯度，似乎影响促进强度，虽然没有普遍的积极或普遍的负面趋势是可辨别的物种。我们的鲁棒框架的主要优点如下：它能够在物种丰富的系统中检测促进和促进物种，并且它允许识别物种对中促进的方向性和强度以及其在长环境梯度中的变化。因此，它打开了许多机会，将功能（和系统发育）信息的分析促进模式。我们的案例研究表明，在整个应力梯度的促进相互作用的高度复杂性，并揭示了新的证据，促进，类似于竞争，可以在功能相似和不同的物种之间运作。将分析扩展到其他类群和生态系统将促进我们理解复杂的种间相互作用如何促进生物多样性。
Disentangling the different processes structuring ecological communities is a long‐standing challenge. In species‐rich ecosystems, most emphasis has so far been given to environmental filtering and competition processes, while facilitative interactions between species remain insufficiently studied. Here, we propose an analysis framework that not only allows for identifying pairs of facilitating and facilitated species, but also estimates the strength of facilitation and its variation along environmental gradients. Our framework combines the analysis of both co‐occurrence and co‐abundance patterns using a moving window approach along environmental gradients to control for potentially confounding effects of environmental filtering in the co‐abundance analysis. We first validate our new approach against community assembly simulations, and exemplify its potential on a large 1,134 plant community plots dataset. Our results generally show that facilitation intensity was strongest under cold stress, whereas the proportion of facilitating and facilitated species was higher under drought stress. Moreover, the functional distance between individual facilitated species and their facilitating species significantly changed along the temperature–moisture gradient, and seemed to influence facilitation intensity, although no general positive or general negative trend was discernible among species. The main advantages of our robust framework are as follows: It enables detecting facilitating and facilitated species in species‐rich systems, and it allows identifying the directionality and intensity of facilitation in species pairs as well as its variation across long environmental gradients. It thus opens numerous opportunities for incorporating functional (and phylogenetic) information in the analysis of facilitation patterns. Our case study indicated high complexity in facilitative interactions across the stress gradient and revealed new evidence that facilitation, similarly to competition, can operate between functionally similar and dissimilar species. Extending the analyses to other taxa and ecosystems will foster our understanding how complex interspecific interactions promote biodiversity.
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