Ion channels in cardiac cell membranes.
Ion channels in cardiac cell membranes.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev.ph.46.030184.002353
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发表时间：
1984
影响因子：
18.2
通讯作者：
H. Reuter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Reuter
众所周知，心肌的电生理学非常复杂。在过去，解释电压钳数据的一些困难来自心脏组织的复杂形态和不充分的工具，用于对各种离子电流分量进行不明确的分离（2，13）。然而，已经开发了新的方法。单个心脏细胞可以被电压钳位和内部透析（51，54），并且单个离子通道可以通过膜片钳方法被识别和分析（34）。重建心脏肌膜离子通道的首次尝试已经成功（24），放射性配体与离子通道的特异性结合作为一种额外的尝试出现。用于识别信道（31，49）的方法。以前在完整心脏组织中获得的一些结果和一些旧的概念已经得到证实，并且通过新技术获得了重要的新见解。虽然心脏离子通道的分子分析仍处于早期阶段，但本文讨论了这一领域的一些初步进展。在某些情况下，心脏细胞的新结果与其他细胞的结果进行了比较，以表明各种生物组织中离子通道之间可能存在的相似性。由于篇幅所限，只能讨论许多相关文件中的几份。在交界通道和组织阻抗（16，17，55）领域的重要新进展超出了本综述的范围。表1概述了在心脏细胞膜中观察到的各种电流和相应的经鉴定的通道。通道的多样性令人困惑，这是心肌与其他可兴奋组织（例如软体动物神经元）共享的特征（1）。
The electrophysiology of cardiac muscle is notoriously complicated. In the past, some of the difficulties in interpreting voltage clamp data arose from the complex morphology of cardiac tissues and from inadequate tools for une quivocal separation of the various ionic current components (2, 13). However, new methods have been developed. Single cardiac cells can be voltage clamped and internally dialyzed (51, 54), and single ion channels can be identified and analyzed by the patch clamp method (34). First attempts to reconstitute cardiac sarcolemmal ion channels have been successful (24), Specific binding of radioligands to ion channels emerges as an additional . method for identifying the channels (31, 49). Some of the previous results obtained in intact cardiac tissue and some older concepts have been confirmed, and important new insight has been gained by the new techniques. Although the molecular analysis of ion channels in the heart is still in its early infancy, some initial developments in this field are discussed in this review, In some in stances new results from cardiac cells are compared with those from other cells, in order to indicate possible similarities between ion channels in various biological tissues. Because of space limitations, only a few of the many pertinent papers can be discussed. Important new developments in the field of junctional channels and tissue impedance (16, 17,55) are beyond the scope of this review. Table 1 gives an overview of the various currents and the respective identi fied channels observed in cardiac cell membranes. The variety of channels is puzzling, a feature that cardiac muscle shares with other excitable tissues, e.g. molluscan neurons (1).