Effects of neuroleptic medications on speech disorganization in schizophrenia: biasing associative networks towards meaning
Effects of neuroleptic medications on speech disorganization in schizophrenia: biasing associative networks towards meaning
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291799002639
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Weinberger, DR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldberg, TE;Dodge, M;Weinberger, DR
背景虽然精神分裂症患者的言语紊乱或思维障碍的一些认知解释强调了工作记忆/话语规划或选择性注意的失败，但我们认为思维障碍存在于语义系统中。在这项研究中，我们评估了抗精神病药物对思维障碍和语义处理的影响。17名精神分裂症患者在接受抗精神病药物治疗的同时进行了评估，并以交叉方式接受安慰剂治疗。获得了一些措施：临床评定的思维障碍（使用思想，语言和沟通量表）;工作记忆（字母数跨度）;词汇完整性（命名和接受性词汇）;和，语义启动的范畴内的词对。语义启动措施改善与精神安定药物，临床评定的思维障碍。其他指标无显著变化。启动选择性共变与思维障碍的变化。语义激活扩散的变化，在语义启动范式中测量，可能是由神经阻滞剂对多巴胺能神经调节系统的影响引起的，可能反映了预先存在的联想网络的偏见的变化，这些网络有利于或增加与共享特征相关的表征的可访问性。这项研究也有影响正常语言的架构中，观察到的词汇和语义水平之间的分离，由于选择性妥协的任务要求语义处理。
Background. While some cognitive accounts of disorganized speech, or thought disorder, in schizophrenia have emphasized failures in working memory/discourse planning or selective attention, we have suggested that thought disorder resides in the semantic system. In this study we assessed the effect of neuroleptic medication on thought disorder and semantic processing.Methods. Seventeen patients with schizophrenia were assessed while receiving neuroleptic medications and in crossover fashion, placebo. A number of measures were obtained: clinically rated thought disorder (using the Thought, Language and Communication Scale); working memory (letter number span); lexical integrity (naming and receptive vocabulary); and, semantic priming of intracategorical word pairs.Results. Semantic priming measures improved with neuroleptic medication, as did clinically rated thought disorder. No other measure changed significantly. Priming selectively covaried with changes in thought disorder.Conclusion. Changes in spreading semantic activation, measured in a semantic priming paradigm and presumably brought about by neuroleptics' influence on dopaminergic neuromodulatory systems, might reflect changes in the biases of pre-existing associative networks that favour or increase the accessibility of representations related by shared features. This study also has implications for the architecture of normal language in that a dissociation between the lexical and semantic levels was observed, due to the selective compromise of tasks demanding semantic processing.