The input-output relationship in first language acquisition
The input-output relationship in first language acquisition
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DOI：
10.1080/01690960400001721
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Behrens, H
中科院分区：
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作者：
Behrens, H
这项研究提供了一个帐户的分布信息和生产率在一个特别丰富的语料库的德国儿童和成人语言。三个结构域进行了分析：一个约100万字的编码语料库的词性分布，以及30万个名词短语和近20万个动词短语的内部选区。在所有三个领域中，成人输入随时间的分布非常均匀。儿童显示出稳定的接近成人的分布。有观点认为，习得的两个概念必须加以区分：一是根据某一结构的可用性而获得的习得，例如根据某一结构的首次出现或根据各种生产力标准而获得的习得;二是根据完全的交际能力而获得的习得，即，使用成人使用的结构（参见Slobin，1991，1997）。这里提供的数据表明，儿童不仅获得了德语的结构选项，而且还获得了编码概念的高度传统化的方式。输入中关于德语结构和惯例的信息量可能会使固有的规定变得不必要。相反，这些数据支持语言和语言处理的基于使用和概率的理论。
This study provides an account of the distributional information and the production rates in a particularly rich corpus of German child and adult language. Three structural domains are analysed: the parts-of-speech distribution for a coded corpus of circa one million words as well as the internal constituency of 300,000 noun phrases and almost 200,000 verb phrases. In all three domains, the distribution over time in the adult input is extremely homogenous. The child shows a steady approximation towards the adult distribution. It is argued that two notions of acquisition have to be distinguished: acquisition in terms of the availability of a given structure, for example in terms of first occurrence of a structure or according to various criteria of productivity, and acquisition in terms of full communicative competence, i.e., using structures in the way adults use them (cf. Slobin, 1991, 1997). The data presented here show that the child acquires not only the structural options of German but also highly conventionalised ways of encoding concepts. The amount of information about the structure and conventions of German that is available in the input has the potential of making innate stipulations unnecessary. Instead, the data support usage-based and probabilistic theories of language and language processing.