A review of omega-3 ethyl esters for cardiovascular prevention and treatment of increased blood triglyceride levels.
A review of omega-3 ethyl esters for cardiovascular prevention and treatment of increased blood triglyceride levels.
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DOI：
10.2147/vhrm.2006.2.3.251
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
von Schacky C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
von Schacky C
两种海洋ω-3脂肪酸二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），普遍存在于鱼和鱼油中，已被研究作为预防动脉粥样硬化的策略。虽然鱼和鱼油的结果并不明确，但这两种脂肪酸的纯化乙酯形式产生的数据是一致的。虽然EPA和DHA的生物活性略有不同，但两者都对动脉粥样硬化及其并发症有积极作用。作为乙酯的EPA和DHA抑制血小板聚集性，并降低血清甘油三酯，同时使其他血清脂质基本上不变。已经对葡萄糖代谢进行了广泛的研究，没有发现不良反应。促动脉粥样硬化细胞因子减少，内皮活化标志物也减少。内皮功能得到改善，血管闭塞减少，冠状动脉粥样硬化的进程得到缓解。EPA和DHA可降低心率，增加心率变异性。在室上性和心室水平上可证明具有抗心律失常作用。更重要的是，两项大型研究显示，心脏性猝死或主要不良心脏事件等临床终点减少。因此，相关心脏病学会建议使用1克/天的EPA和DHA用于心血管预防，在心肌梗死后和预防心脏性猝死。
The two marine omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), prevalent in fish and fish oils, have been investigated as a strategy towards prophylaxis of atherosclerosis. While the results with fish and fish oils have been not as clear cut, the data generated with the purified ethyl ester forms of these two fatty acids are consistent. Although slight differences in biological activity exist between EPA and DHA, both exert a number of positive actions against atherosclerosis and its complications. EPA and DHA as ethyl esters inhibit platelet aggregability, and reduce serum triglycerides, while leaving other serum lipids essentially unaltered. Glucose metabolism has been studied extensively, and no adverse effects were seen. Pro-atherogenic cytokines are reduced, as are markers of endothelial activation. Endothelial function is improved, vascular occlusion is reduced, and the course of coronary atherosclerosis is mitigated. Heart rate is reduced, and heart rate variability is increased by EPA and DHA. An antiarrhythmic effect can be demonstrated on the supraventricular and the ventricular level. More importantly, two large studies showed reductions in clinical endpoints like sudden cardiac death or major adverse cardiac events. As a consequence, relevant cardiac societies recommend using 1 g/day of EPA and DHA for cardiovascular prevention, after a myocardial infarction and for prevention of sudden cardiac death.