Biochar from Miscanthus: a potential silicon fertilizer
Biochar from Miscanthus: a potential silicon fertilizer
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DOI：
10.1007/s11104-013-1885-8
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Cornelis, Jean-Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Houben, David;Sonnet, Philippe;Cornelis, Jean-Thomas
硅（Si）在很大程度上被认为可以改善植物在各种生物和非生物胁迫下的生长。由于植物以易溶植物岩的形式积累硅，我们研究了利用富含植物岩的生物炭作为生物可利用的硅源的可能性，以提高硅高积累植物的农业生产力，同时增加土壤肥力和碳固存。通过在土壤样品中添加三种不同浓度（1%和3%；w/w）的生物炭（芒草秸秆、咖啡壳和木质材料），研究了其对土壤呼吸、化学特性和生物可利用硅（cac2 -可提取硅）动力学释放的影响。本研究表明，芒草秸秆生物炭是最具吸引力的改进剂。以3%的掺入率提高了土壤肥力参数（pH和有效阳离子），并将土壤中碳(C)的最高平均停留时间（MRT = 50年）与生物有效硅的最高释放率结合起来。我们将这一结果归因于该生物炭中存在植物岩，正如SEM-EDS分析所揭示的那样。芒草的生物炭不仅提高了土壤碳的固存和肥力，而且本研究的结果表明，芒草也可以被认为是生物可利用硅的潜在来源。虽然我们的结论需要在田间得到证实，但我们认为芒草生物炭可以作为一种潜在的生物有效硅来源，用于培养硅积累植物等作物，例如生长在碳、养分和生物有效硅含量低的热带强风化土壤中。
Silicon (Si) is largely recognized to improve plant growth subjected to various biotic and abiotic stresses. As plants accumulate Si in the form of readily-soluble phytolith, we examine the possibility of using phytolith-rich biochar as a bio-available Si source for increasing the agronomical productivity of Si high-accumulator plants while augmenting soil fertility and C sequestration.By adding three different biochars (Miscanthus x giganteus straws, coffee husks and woody material) at two different concentrations (1 % and 3 %; w/w) to soil samples, we investigated the effects on the soil respiration, the chemical characteristics and the kinetic release of bio-available Si (CaCl2-extractable Si).Here we show that the biochar from Miscanthus straws was the most attractive amendment. Its incorporation at a 3 % rate improved the soil fertility parameters (pH and available cations) and combined the highest mean residence time of carbon (C) in soil (MRT = 50 years) with the highest rate of release of bio-available Si. We attribute this result to the presence of phytoliths in this biochar, as revealed by SEM-EDS analysis.Not only did the biochar from Miscanthus enhance both soil C sequestration and fertility, but the results of this study suggest that it can also be considered as a potential source of bio-available Si. Although our conclusions should be substantiated in the field, we suggest that Miscanthus biochar could be used as a potential source of bio-available silicon for the culture of such crop as Si-accumulator plants growing, for instance, in highly weathered tropical soils with low content in carbon, nutrients and bio-available Si.