Perpetuation of Borreliae.
Perpetuation of Borreliae.
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DOI：
10.21775/cimb.042.267
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Goethert HK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iii SRT;Goethert HK
除了一个例外（流行性回归热），疏螺旋体在自然界中由蜱维持。尽管一些疏螺旋体属物种（Borrelia spp.）可以垂直传播给蜱的后代，大多数需要脊椎动物宿主的扩增，因为遗传不稳定。疏螺旋体的地方性循环已在全球范围内发现;研究人员最关注的是那些其载体具有一定程度的亲虫性，从而引起莱姆病或回归热等人畜共患病的载体。在某种程度上，我们对疏螺旋体群落生态学的看法一直被应用焦点所主导，即，旨在了解人类感染疏螺旋体病风险因素的分析。但是，疏螺旋体永久化的要素不一定会影响风险，我们的风险概念也不提供分析永久化的最佳结构。我们确定了主要的全球主题的延续疏螺旋体，并总结这些主题的地方变化，重点放在关键文献概述的因素，作为基础的分布和丰富的疏螺旋体。
With one exception (epidemic relapsing fever), borreliae are obligately maintained in nature by ticks. Although some Borrelia spp. may be vertically transmitted to subsequent generations of ticks, most require amplification by a vertebrate host because inheritance is not stable. Enzootic cycles of borreliae have been found globally; those receiving the most attention from researchers are those whose vectors have some degree of anthropophily and, thus, cause zoonoses such as Lyme disease or relapsing fever. To some extent, our views on the synecology of the borreliae has been dominated by an applied focus, viz., analyses that seek to understand the elements of human risk for borreliosis. But, the elements of borrelial perpetuation do not necessarily bear upon risk, nor do our concepts of risk provide the best structure for analyzing perpetuation. We identify the major global themes for the perpetuation of borreliae, and summarize local variations on those themes, focusing on key literature to outline the factors that serve as the basis for the distribution and abundance of borreliae.