Learning how to help others: Two-year-olds' social learning of a prosocial act
Learning how to help others: Two-year-olds' social learning of a prosocial act
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jecp.2012.11.004
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Tully, Erin C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Williamson, Rebecca A.;Donohue, Meghan Rose;Tully, Erin C.
参与亲社会行为（有利于他人的行为）与儿童的许多积极成果有关，包括积极的同伴关系，学业成就和良好的心理功能的发展。本研究旨在探讨幼儿亲社会行为习得的社会学习机制。这份简短的报告提出了一个新的实验程序，其中2岁的孩子（28-32个月，N = 30）看到了一个成年人在回应另一个人的痛苦时表现出一种新的亲社会行为的视频。然后，孩子们有机会模仿和实施的行为，以回应自己的父母的身体痛苦。相对于（a）没有观看视频但看到父母处于困境的儿童和（B）观看视频但目睹母亲从事中性活动的儿童，观看视频的儿童更有可能执行新颖的行动，并表现出未表现出的亲社会行为。这些结果表明，幼儿模仿和模仿亲社会行为的社会互动，儿童可以在适当的情况下应用这些行为。(C)2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Engaging in prosocial behaviors (acts that benefit others) is associated with many positive outcomes in children, including the development of positive peer relationships, academic achievement, and good psychological functioning. This study examined the social learning mechanisms toddlers use to acquire prosocial behaviors. This brief report presents a new experimental procedure in which 2-year-olds (28-32 months, N = 30) saw a video of an adult performing a novel prosocial behavior in response to another person's distress. Children then had the opportunity to imitate and implement the behavior in response to their own parent's physical distress. Children who saw the video were more likely to perform the novel action and to display non-demonstrated prosocial behaviors relative to (a) children who did not view the video but saw a parent in distress and (b) children who saw the video but witnessed their mother engage in a neutral activity. These results suggest that toddlers imitate and emulate prosocial behaviors for social interaction and that children can apply such behaviors in appropriate situations. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.