Effectiveness of Face Masks in Preventing Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
Effectiveness of Face Masks in Preventing Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
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DOI：
10.1128/msphere.00637-20
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发表时间：
2020-10-21
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Kawaoka Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ueki H;Furusawa Y;Iwatsuki-Horimoto K;Imai M;Kabata H;Nishimura H;Kawaoka Y
空气模拟实验表明，棉口罩、外科口罩和N95口罩对传染性SARS-CoV-2飞沫/气溶胶的传播提供了一定的保护;然而，医用口罩（外科口罩甚至N95口罩）即使在密封的情况下也不能完全阻断病毒飞沫/气溶胶的传播。CDC和WHO的指南建议佩戴口罩以防止2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的传播;然而，此类口罩对传染性严重急性呼吸道综合征CoV-2（SARS-CoV-2）飞沫/气溶胶的空气传播的保护效率尚不清楚。在这里，我们开发了一个空气传播模拟器的传染性SARS-CoV-2的飞沫/气溶胶产生的人类呼吸和咳嗽，并评估了传染性飞沫/气溶胶的传播能力和各种类型的口罩，以阻止传输。我们发现棉口罩、外科口罩和N95口罩都对SARS-CoV-2感染性飞沫/气溶胶的传播具有保护作用，当病毒传播者佩戴口罩时，保护效率更高。重要的是，医用口罩（外科口罩，甚至N95口罩）即使完全密封，也无法完全阻断病毒飞沫/气溶胶的传播。我们的数据将帮助医务工作者了解口罩的正确使用和性能，并确定他们是否需要额外的设备来保护自己免受感染患者的伤害。重要性空气模拟实验表明，棉口罩，外科口罩和N95口罩提供了一定的保护，防止传染性SARS-CoV-2飞沫/气溶胶的传播;然而，医用口罩（外科口罩，甚至N95口罩）即使在密封的情况下也不能完全阻止病毒飞沫/气溶胶的传播。
Airborne simulation experiments showed that cotton masks, surgical masks, and N95 masks provide some protection from the transmission of infective SARS-CoV-2 droplets/aerosols; however, medical masks (surgical masks and even N95 masks) could not completely block the transmission of virus droplets/aerosols even when sealed. Guidelines from the CDC and the WHO recommend the wearing of face masks to prevent the spread of coronavirus (CoV) disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, the protective efficiency of such masks against airborne transmission of infectious severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2) droplets/aerosols is unknown. Here, we developed an airborne transmission simulator of infectious SARS-CoV-2-containing droplets/aerosols produced by human respiration and coughs and assessed the transmissibility of the infectious droplets/aerosols and the ability of various types of face masks to block the transmission. We found that cotton masks, surgical masks, and N95 masks all have a protective effect with respect to the transmission of infective droplets/aerosols of SARS-CoV-2 and that the protective efficiency was higher when masks were worn by a virus spreader. Importantly, medical masks (surgical masks and even N95 masks) were not able to completely block the transmission of virus droplets/aerosols even when completely sealed. Our data will help medical workers understand the proper use and performance of masks and determine whether they need additional equipment to protect themselves from infected patients. IMPORTANCE Airborne simulation experiments showed that cotton masks, surgical masks, and N95 masks provide some protection from the transmission of infective SARS-CoV-2 droplets/aerosols; however, medical masks (surgical masks and even N95 masks) could not completely block the transmission of virus droplets/aerosols even when sealed.