Subsurface Solute Transport Models and Case Histories
Subsurface Solute Transport Models and Case Histories
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地下溶质运移模型和案例历史
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-007-1306-2
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
V. Rumynin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Rumynin
这本书解决了地下溶质转移的基础知识的发展，特别强调现场数据收集和分析，加上建模（分析和数值）工具的应用。相关的理论发展主要涉及地下水水质评价和预测中广泛的工程问题的确定性质量输运方程的制定和解决方案。这本书给出了许多计算实例和案例研究从进行实地调查得出。分析的问题有：工业污染物对地下水污染的调查、预测及对策（放射性核素、氯化物和硝酸盐盐水），特别侧重于（a）含水层异质性、各向异性和双重孔隙度的影响，（B）工业废物和地下水之间或密度分层的自流水和沿海地下水系统中存在的密度差异;（c）物理化学的相互作用，在延缓（如吸附）或增强（例如溶解物质和移动的胶体之间的相互作用）污染物迁移;预测抽水对井区地下水水质的影响;利用稳定同位素和放射性同位素测定地下水年代，以预测和评估污染的可能性;设计和分析实地和实验室试验，并解释监测数据;使用同位素技术划分地表和地下水流。书中讨论的最重要的主题之一是放射性核素的迁移和命运。模型开发的动机是对俄罗斯联邦若干放射性污染场址的实地数据进行分析：近地表放射性废物处置场址和深井放射性废物注入场址。这些实验室在提高对许多危险放射性核素的地下行为和归宿的认识方面发挥着独特的作用，可被视为实地规模的实验室。因此，这本书，沿着与理论的发现，包含领域的信息，这将促进地下溶质运输的理解和地下水水文学的实际应用的方法的发展。
The book addresses the development of the basic knowledge of the subsurface solute transfer with a particular emphasis on field data collection and analysis coupled with modeling (analytical and numerical) tool application. The relevant theoretical developments are concerned mainly with the formulation and solution of deterministic mass-transport equations for a wide range of engineering issues in groundwater quality assessment and forecasting. The book gives many computational examples and case studies drawn from the conducted field investigations. The analyzed problems are as follows: investigation and prediction of groundwater contamination by industrial contaminants and solutions (radionuclides, chloride and nitrate brine) with special focus on the effect of (a) aquifer heterogeneity, anisotropy, and dual porosity,(b) density contrast existing between industrial waste and groundwater, or in density-stratified artesian and coastal groundwater systems;(c) physicochemical interactions that play a major role in retarding (eg adsorption) or enhancing (eg interactions between dissolved species and mobile colloids) contaminant transport; prediction of the effects of pumping on groundwater quality at wellfields; groundwater dating using stable and radioactive isotopes for prediction and assessment of contamination potential; field and laboratory tests’ design and analysis, and monitoring data interpretation; partitioning of surface and subsurface flows using isotope techniques. One of the most essential topics addressed in the book is the migration and fate of radionuclides. Model development is motivated by field data analysis from a number of radioactively contaminated sites in the Russian Federation: near-surface radioactive waste disposal sites and deep-well radioactive waste injection sites. They play a unique role in the advancement of knowledge of the subsurface behavior and fate of many hazardous radionuclides and can be considered as field-scale laboratories. Thus, the book, along with theoretical findings, contains field information, which will facilitate the understanding of subsurface solute transport and the development of a methodology for practical applications to groundwater hydrology.