Isolation of dipicolinic acid as an insecticidal toxin from Paecilomyces fumosoroseus
Isolation of dipicolinic acid as an insecticidal toxin from Paecilomyces fumosoroseus
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DOI：
10.1007/s00253-005-1909-2
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
de la Torre, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Asaff, A;Cerda-García-Rojas, C;de la Torre, M
几种昆虫病原真菌产生的毒素可作为生物杀虫剂用于害虫综合治理计划。玫烟色拟青霉目前用于烟粉虱和烟粉虱B的生物防治。银合欢属。从深层分批培养的上清液中，真菌产生大量的分散的菌丝体，分生孢子和芽生孢子，对粉虱幼虫有毒。通过HPLC纯化最丰富的代谢物，并通过质谱和NMR鉴定为吡啶二羧酸。该菌产生的吡啶二羧酸和化学合成的化合物对三龄幼虫均有杀虫活性。在涉及局部应用的生物测定中，吡啶二甲酸对粉虱幼虫具有毒性。在液体培养条件下，玫烟色红球藻的比生长速率为0.054 h（-1），比葡萄糖消耗速率为0.1195 g（-1）h（-1），比吡啶二羧酸产生速率为0.00012 g（-1）h（-1）。24小时后，当真菌开始生长时，检测到吡啶二羧酸;吡啶二羧酸的产生与真菌的生长直接相关。然而，产量低，最大浓度仅为0.041 g l（-1）。分生孢子和芽生孢子的最大浓度（每毫升）分别为1.4 × 10（8）和7 × 10（7）。
Several entomopathogenic fungi produce toxins that could be used as bioinsecticides in integrated pest management programs. Paecilomyces fumosoroseus is currently used for the biological control of the whiteflies Bemisia tabaci and B. argentifolii. Supernatants from submerged batch culture, where the fungus produced abundant dispersed mycelium, conidia and blastospores, were toxic to the whitefly nymphs. The most abundant metabolite was purified by HPLC and identified by mass spectrometry and NMR as dipicolinic acid. Both the dipicolinic acid produced by the fungus and the chemically synthesized compound had insecticidal activity against third-instar nymphs of the insect. Dipicolinic acid was toxic to the whitefly nymphs in bioassays involving topical applications. In submerged culture, the specific growth rate of R fumosoroseus was 0.054 h(-1), the specific glucose consumption rate was 0.1195 g g(-1) h(-1) and the specific dipicolinic acid production rate was 0.00012 g g(-1) h(-1). Dipicolinic acid was detected after 24 h when the fungus started growing; and dipicolinic acid production was directly correlated with fungal growth. Nevertheless, the yield was low and the maximal concentration was only 0.041 g l(-1). The maximal concentrations of conidia and blastospores (per milliliter) were 1.4 x 10(8) and 7 x 10(7), respectively.