Are there sex differences in the predictive validity of DSM-IV ADHD among younger children?
Are there sex differences in the predictive validity of DSM-IV ADHD among younger children?
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DOI：
10.1080/15374410701274066
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Lee, Steve S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lahey, Benjamin B.;Hartung, Cynthia M.;Lee, Steve S.
我们评估了符合《精神疾病诊断和统计手册》(美国精神病学协会，1994年第4版)标准的20名女孩和98名男孩在4至6岁时注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的预测有效性，并与24名女性和102名男性对照。在接下来的8年里，在第一年符合ADHD标准的女孩和男孩都比同性对照儿童表现出更多的ADHD症状和损害。效应量一直都很大，这表明在4到6岁时诊断ADHD对男女都具有预测有效性。在第一年，患有ADHD的女孩和男孩在青春期早期表现出比同性对照儿童更高的行为障碍、严重抑郁和焦虑障碍的症状水平，控制了第一年相同症状的水平。这表明ADHD在男女中都具有基本的同型和异型连续性，但随着时间的显著交互作用表明，儿童ADHD预测女孩在青春期早期的焦虑和抑郁症状比男孩更急剧地增加。
We assessed the predictive validity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in 20 girls and 98 boys who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (4th ed., American Psychiatric Association, 1994) criteria,for ADHD at 4 to 6 years of age compared to 24 female and 102 male comparison children. Over the next 8 years, both girls and boys who met criteria for ADHD in Year 1 exhibited more ADHD symptoms and impairment than same-sex comparison children. Effect sizes were consistently large, indicating that the diagnosis of ADHD at 4 to 6 years of age has predictive validity for both sexes. Both girls and boys with ADHD in Year 1 also exhibited higher levels of symptoms of conduct disorder, major depression, and anxiety disorders in early adolescence than same-sex comparison children, controlling levels of the same symptoms in Year 1. This indicates both substantial homotypic and heterotypic continuity for ADHD in both sexes, but significant interactions with time indicated that childhood ADHD predicts more steeply rising symptoms of anxiety and depression during early adolescence in girls than in boys.