Metal matrix composites, a smart choice for high damping materials
Metal matrix composites, a smart choice for high damping materials
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DOI：
10.1016/s0925-8388(03)00239-1
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发表时间：
2003-06
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
R. Schaller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Schaller
在机械工程中，减少机械振动的一种优雅方法是使用高阻尼材料。当高阻尼必须伴随着高温下良好的机械性能时，只有高阻尼金属可用。高阻尼金属材料必须同时具有良好的力学性能和高阻尼性能，才能在机械工程中得到应用。只有当导致内摩擦的微观机制独立于控制机械强度的机制时，这种材料的发展才有可能。实现这种折衷的一种方法是使用两相复合材料，其中每一相都起着特定的作用：阻尼或增强。镁基复合材料就是很好的例子。Mg - 2 wt% Si合金的单向凝固产生的Mg2Si/Mg复合材料的机械强度与工业镁合金（AZ63）一样高，阻尼能力高出100倍。此外，用长碳纤维增强的Mg-2 wt% Si合金的特定杨氏模量为~ 200 GPa，应变幅为10−5时的阻尼能力为0.01。
An elegant way to reduce mechanical vibrations in mechanical engineering is to use high damping materials. When high damping must be accompanied by good mechanical properties at high temperature, only high damping metals are available. High damping metallic materials that are useful in mechanical engineering have to exhibit, simultaneously, good mechanical properties and a high damping capacity. The development of such materials is possible only when the microscopic mechanisms responsible for internal friction are independent of the mechanisms that control the mechanical strength. One way of achieving such a compromise is the use of two-phase composites, in which each phase plays a specific role: damping or strengthening. Magnesium matrix composites are good examples. Unidirectional solidification of Mg–2 wt% Si alloys yields Mg2Si/Mg composites with a mechanical strength as high as industrial magnesium cast alloys (AZ63) with a damping capacity 100 times higher. Moreover, Mg–2 wt% Si alloys reinforced with long carbon fibers have a specific Young’s modulus of ∼200 GPa with a damping capacity of 0.01 for a strain amplitude of 10−5.