Extreme Weather-driven Disasters and Children's Health
Extreme Weather-driven Disasters and Children's Health
复制标题
DOI：
10.1177/0020731415625254
复制
发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Sheehan, Mary C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martinez Garcia, Daniel;Sheehan, Mary C.
随着气候变化，热浪、极端降水和风暴潮等极端天气事件可能会变得更加频繁和激烈。极端天气驱动的灾害在全世界造成儿童死亡率和发病率的沉重负担。我们回顾了EWDD及其对儿童健康影响的已发表文献，并开发了一个基于复杂系统思维的概念模型，以确定EWDD背景下儿童的健康风险，脆弱性和能力，作为适应性干预的信息领域的一种手段。我们发现，EWDD对儿童健康的直接和间接的身体和精神影响是丰富的，并以复杂的方式相互关联。文献综述和建模表明，在儿童和他或她的直接环境的水平的弹性的中心，这表明心理健康状况可能发挥关键作用，在儿童的经验，许多其他健康结果的EWDD。EWDD与环境和社会系统以及儿童个体及其背景以复杂的方式相互作用，其影响是非线性的，难以预测。关于气候变化驱动的健康影响的传统观点往往忽视了复杂的生物-心理-社会相互作用，这表明需要制定预防战略，以减少脆弱性并建立儿童个体的复原力。
Extreme weather events such as heat waves, extreme precipitation, and storm surges are likely to become more frequent and intense with climate change. Extreme weather-driven disasters (EWDDs) cause a substantial burden of childhood mortality and morbidity worldwide. We reviewed the published literature on EWDDs and their health impacts on children, and developed a conceptual model based on complex systems thinking to identify the health risks, vulnerabilities, and capacities of children in the context of EWDDs as a means of informing areas for adaptive intervention. We found that direct and indirect physical and mental impacts of EWDDs on child health are abundant and interrelate in complex ways. The literature review and modeling demonstrated the centrality of resilience at the level of the child and his or her direct environment, suggesting that mental health status may play a key role in a child's experience of numerous other health outcomes of EWDDs. EWDDs interact with environmental and social systems and with individual children and their contexts in complex ways, the impacts of which are nonlinear and difficult to predict. Traditional perspectives on climate change-driven health impacts often overlook complex bio-psychosocial interactions, suggesting a need to work on preventive strategies to reduce vulnerability and build individual child resilience.