TRYPTASE AND HISTAMINE AS MARKERS TO EVALUATE MAST-CELL ACTIVATION DURING THE RESPONSES TO NASAL CHALLENGE WITH ALLERGEN, COLD, DRY AIR, AND HYPEROSMOLAR SOLUTIONS
TRYPTASE AND HISTAMINE AS MARKERS TO EVALUATE MAST-CELL ACTIVATION DURING THE RESPONSES TO NASAL CHALLENGE WITH ALLERGEN, COLD, DRY AIR, AND HYPEROSMOLAR SOLUTIONS
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DOI：
10.1016/0091-6749(92)90293-b
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发表时间：
1992-06-01
影响因子：
14.2
通讯作者：
TOGIAS, AG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PROUD, D;BAILEY, GS;TOGIAS, AG
我们使用组胺和特定肥大细胞酶类胰蛋白酶的测定来检查鼻粘膜对几种不同刺激的刺激的反应，并评估组胺作为肥大细胞活化标志物的可靠性。在一些受试者的基线灌洗液中检测到的高水平组胺与任何可检测到的类胰蛋白酶无关，表明它们不是肥大细胞衍生的。然而，在明显的立即过敏反应期间，明显发生肥大细胞脱颗粒，并且观察到组胺和类胰蛋白酶之间存在显着的相关性。当诱导较温和的过敏反应时，这种相关性较弱，这可能反映了两种介质在上皮细胞上的不同扩散。用寒冷、干燥的空气刺激易感个体会导致组胺和类胰蛋白酶的回收率增加，证实在该反应过程中发生肥大细胞脱颗粒。尽管鼻粘膜的高渗性可能导致寒冷干燥空气诱导的肥大细胞脱颗粒，但鼻腔短暂暴露于高渗性甘露醇与可测量的类胰蛋白酶产生无关。因此，组胺和类胰蛋白酶测量的联合使用可以提供有关肥大细胞激活在炎症反应发病机制中的作用的有用证据。
We have used assays for histamine and for the specific mast cell enzyme, tryptase, to examine the response of the nasal mucosa to provocation with several different stimuli and to evaluate the reliability of histamine as a marker of mast cell activation. High levels of histamine detected in baseline lavages of some subjects are not associated with any detectable tryptase, suggesting they are not mast cell derived. During pronounced immediate allergic responses, however, mast cell degranulation clearly occurs, and a striking correlation between histamine and tryptase is observed. This correlation is weaker when a more modest allergic response is induced, possibly reflecting differential diffusion of the two mediators across the epithelium. Provocation of susceptible individuals with cold, dry air leads to increased recoveries of both histamine and tryptase, confirming that mast cell degranulation occurs during this reaction. Although hyperosmolarity of the nasal mucosa may contribute to mast cell degranulation induced by cold, dry air, a brief exposure of the nasal cavity to hyperosmolar mannitol was not associated with measurable production of tryptase. The combined use of histamine and tryptase measurements can therefore provide useful evidence regarding the role of mast cell activation in the pathogenesis of inflammatory responses.