Coordination of Agri-Food Chain with Revenue-Sharing Contract under Stochastic Output and Stochastic Demand
Coordination of Agri-Food Chain with Revenue-Sharing Contract under Stochastic Output and Stochastic Demand
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DOI：
10.1142/s021759591100320x
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发表时间：
2011-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Xia Zhao;Fangwei Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xia Zhao;Fangwei Wu
由于季节性天气和动植物疾病等不确定因素的影响，在某些农业投入的情况下，农业生产的产出是不确定的。研究了在产量和需求都是随机的情况下，通过收入分享契约来协调农产品食物链和易腐品的问题。根据RS合同，供应商决定农业投入(E)，并以低于单位生产成本的价格(ω)向零售商交付所有商品，而零售商决定零售价(P)，并将其收入的1-Φ份额(百分比)返还给供应商。对于这样的契约，协调链条的必要条件是期望收益函数是凹的。在信道协调下，给出了RS合同参数ω和Φ之间的关系以及Φ的范围。对于均匀分布的产出和需求随机因素，给出了期望收益函数的凹性。一个数值例子说明了我们分析的正确性。算例结果表明，当期望收益函数为凹函数时，RS契约能够协调农业食物链。研究结果还表明，p和e的最优决策与需求价格弹性密切相关，Φ的范围随着预期产量的增加而变宽。
Due to the effects of uncertain factors such as seasonal weather and plant/animal diseases, the output of agricultural production is uncertain given certain agricultural inputs. This paper addresses the issue of coordinating agri-food chain with perishable goods by revenue-sharing (RS) contract when both output and demand are random. Following a RS contract, a supplier decides on agricultural input (e) and deliveries all goods with a price (ω) lower than unit production cost to the retailer while a retailer decides on the retail price (p) and return 1–Φ share (percentage) of its revenue to the supplier. For such a contract, the necessary condition of coordinating the chain is that the expected revenue function is concave. Under the channel coordination, the relationship between RS contract parameters ω and Φ as well as the range of Φ are given. For both output and demand random factor with uniform distribution, the concavity of the expected revenue function is presented. A numerical example illustrates the correctness of our analysis. The results of numerical example show that RS contract is able to coordinate the agri-food chain when the expected revenue function is concave. The results also show that the optimal decisions of p and e are closely related to the demand price elasticity and the range of Φ is widened when the expected output increases.