Attosecond interferometry with self-amplified spontaneous emission of a free-electron laser.
Attosecond interferometry with self-amplified spontaneous emission of a free-electron laser.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms15626
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发表时间：
2017-05-30
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Laarmann T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Usenko S;Przystawik A;Jakob MA;Lazzarino LL;Brenner G;Toleikis S;Haunhorst C;Kip D;Laarmann T
光相敏技术，如相干多维光谱学，已经在广泛的光谱范围内得到了很好的应用，从核磁共振光谱学中的射频到桌面激光的非线性光学中的可见光和紫外光波长。在这些情况下，以高精度定制电磁波的相位的能力是必不可少的。在迈克尔逊型全反射干涉自相关器中，实现了阿秒时间尺度上自由电子激光(FEL)对极紫外光脉冲的相位控制。通过以子周期精度改变产生的脉冲复制品的相对相位，我们观察到了场干涉，即周期为129 的光波振荡。一种强大的光学方法向短波长自由电子激光科学和技术的成功转移，为使用先进的非线性方法铺平了道路，甚至在依赖自放大自发辐射的部分相干软X射线自由电子激光源上也是如此。相敏测量对于深入了解光与物质的相互作用很重要，并且需要相控脉冲。在这里，作者展示了自由电子激光器的相位控制和干涉自相关，使用分裂和延迟单元产生SASE脉冲对。
Light-phase-sensitive techniques, such as coherent multidimensional spectroscopy, are well-established in a broad spectral range, already spanning from radio-frequencies in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to visible and ultraviolet wavelengths in nonlinear optics with table-top lasers. In these cases, the ability to tailor the phases of electromagnetic waves with high precision is essential. Here we achieve phase control of extreme-ultraviolet pulses from a free-electron laser (FEL) on the attosecond timescale in a Michelson-type all-reflective interferometric autocorrelator. By varying the relative phase of the generated pulse replicas with sub-cycle precision we observe the field interference, that is, the light-wave oscillation with a period of 129 as. The successful transfer of a powerful optical method towards short-wavelength FEL science and technology paves the way towards utilization of advanced nonlinear methodologies even at partially coherent soft X-ray FEL sources that rely on self-amplified spontaneous emission. Phase-sensitive measurements are important to gain insights of light-matter interactions and require phase-controlled pulses. Here the authors demonstrate the phase control and interferometric autocorrelation on a free electron laser using SASE pulse pair created with a split and delay unit.