ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS AND THE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM
ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS AND THE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1528-1157.1987.tb04216.x
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发表时间：
1987-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
DUNCAN, JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DUNCAN, JS
脑电(EEG)作为癫痫障碍诊断的辅助手段的有用性已得到证实，但其作为监测治疗指南的作用尚不确定。对于有典型失神和3-S棘波活动的患者，临床发现癫痫发作的控制与脑电事件密切相关。在一些(但不是全部)有其他癫痫障碍的患者中，癫痫发作次数与发作间期癫痫样活动量(IEA)呈正相关。静脉注射苯二氮卓类药物和苯妥英钠可导致急性癫痫发作控制和抑制IEA。对于发作以外的发作，以及中长期给予的抗癫痫药物，癫痫发作的控制和IEA之间通常没有明确的关系。在对癫痫缓解期儿童的研究中，持续的IEA与停用AEDs后癫痫复发的风险更高有关，但在成年人中，持续IEA的相关性似乎不那么确定。苯二氮卓类药物和巴比妥类药物导致快速活动增加。所有的抗癫痫药都可能导致主导节律减慢和慢活动增加。尤其是卡马西平，经常与背景活动的明显恶化有关，即使面对临床改善也是如此。需要进一步的研究来确定AED引起的脑电背景活动变化的机制和意义。
: The usefulness of electroencephalography (EEG) as an aid to diagnosis of seizure disorders is established, but its role as a guide to monitoring treatment is much less certain. For those patients with classical absences and 3‐s spike wave activity there is a very close correlation between control of clinically detected seizures and EEG events. In some, but not all, patients with other seizure disorders there is a positive correlation between numbers of seizures and amount of interictal epileptiform activity (IEA). Intravenous benzodiazepines and phenytoin result in both acute seizure control and suppression of IEA. For seizures other than absences, and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) given in the medium and long term, there is generally not a clear relationship between control of seizures and IEA. In studies of children whose epilepsy is in remission, persistent IEA has been associated with a higher risk of seizure relapse should AEDs be discontinued, but in adults the relevance of persistent IEA appears to be much less certain. Benzodiazepines and barbiturates result in increased fast activity. All AEDs may result in slowing of the dominant rhythm and increased slow activity. Carbamazepine, in particular, is often associated with apparent deterioration of background activity, even in the face of clinical improvement. Further studies are necessary to determine the mechanisms and significance of AED‐induced changes in EEG background activity.