Coincident disruptive coloration
Coincident disruptive coloration
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2008.0266
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发表时间：
2009-02-27
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Szekely, Aron
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cuthill, Innes C.;Szekely, Aron
即使一只动物在颜色和纹理上与周围环境完美匹配，其图案的空间相位与背景之间的任何不匹配，或其三维浮雕产生的阴影，都可能揭示。然而，要想完全打破伪装，形状必须是可识别的。破坏性着色通过使用高对比度的内部颜色边界来破坏形状和形式来对抗物体识别。除了一般轮廓外，眼睛和四肢等特征也必须隐藏;这可以通过将不同但相邻的身体部位上的颜色图案对齐以相互匹配（即相位）来实现。这种“一致的破坏性着色”确保了身体部位相遇的地方没有相位分离，并导致身体的不同部分在感知上混合。我们测试了这一理论，利用野外实验与捕食的野生鸟类对人工蛾状目标，其翅膀和（可食用糕点）机构的颜色模式，是不同的一致或不一致。我们还进行了一项实验，让人类在计算机屏幕上搜索类似的目标。这两个实验都表明，一致的破坏性着色是一种有效的机制，以掩盖一个否则揭示身体形式。
Even if an animal matches its surroundings perfectly in colour and texture, any mismatch between the spatial phase of its pattern and that of the background, or shadow created by its three-dimensional relief, is potentially revealing. Nevertheless, for camouflage to be fully broken, the shape must be recognizable. Disruptive coloration acts against object recognition by the use of high-contrast internal colour boundaries to break up shape and form. As well as the general outline, characteristic features such as eyes and limbs must also be concealed; this can be achieved by having the colour patterns on different, but adjacent, body parts aligned to match each other (i.e. in phase). Such 'coincident disruptive coloration' ensures that there is no phase disjunction where body parts meet, and causes different sections of the body to blend perceptually. We tested this theory using field experiments with predation by wild birds on artificial moth-like targets, whose wings and (edible pastry) bodies had colour patterns that were variously coincident or not. We also carried out an experiment with humans searching for analogous targets on a computer screen. Both experiments show that coincident disruptive coloration is an effective mechanism for concealing an otherwise revealing body form.