Increasing the odds: applying emergentist theory in language intervention.
Increasing the odds: applying emergentist theory in language intervention.
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DOI：
10.1044/0161-1461(2011/10-0041
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发表时间：
2011-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gerard H. Poll
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文献类型：
--
作者：
Gerard H. Poll
本文介绍了语言发展的主导理论--涌现论，它认为语言能力是儿童语言环境与其学习能力相互作用的产物。这篇评论提出了一些方法，其中涌现主义为旨在解决幼儿语言发育迟缓的干预措施提供了理论依据。方法回顾了涌现理论和研究的选定文献，重点是早期形态学和句法的收购。描述了发展和检验突现理论的一种重要方法--联结主义模型。从连接主义和行为研究的关键主题进行了总结，并与具体的例子应用到语言干预技术。一个案例研究，提出整合元素的紧急语言干预。结论：评估语言干预的理论基础是循证实践的重要一步。本文介绍了三个主题的新兴文学，有影响的语言干预：（a）充分的语言输入，（B）积极参与的儿童与输入，（c）的因素，增加正确映射语言形式的意义的几率。证据支持这些因素在有效的语言干预的重要性，沿着在证据的局限性。
PURPOSE This review introduces emergentism, which is a leading theory of language development that states that language ability is the product of interactions between the child's language environment and his or her learning capabilities. The review suggests ways in which emergentism provides a theoretical rationale for interventions that are designed to address developmental language delays in young children. METHOD A review of selected literature on emergentist theory and research is presented, with a focus on the acquisition of early morphology and syntax. A significant method for developing and testing emergentist theory, connectionist modeling, is described. Key themes from both connectionist and behavioral studies are summarized and applied with specific examples to language intervention techniques. A case study is presented to integrate elements of emergentism with language intervention. CONCLUSIONS Evaluating the theoretical foundation for language interventions is an important step in evidence-based practice. This article introduces three themes in the emergentist literature that have implications for language intervention: (a) sufficiency of language input, (b) active engagement of the child with the input, and (c) factors that increase the odds for correctly mapping language form to meaning. Evidence supporting the importance of these factors in effective language intervention is presented, along with limitations in that evidence.