Smoking as a risk factor for sleep-disordered breathing.
Smoking as a risk factor for sleep-disordered breathing.
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DOI：
10.1001/archinte.1994.00420190121014
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发表时间：
1994-10
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Wetter;T. Young;Thomas R. Bidwell;M. Badr;M. Palta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Wetter;T. Young;Thomas R. Bidwell;M. Badr;M. Palta
最近的证据表明，睡眠呼吸障碍的患病率非常高（男性为24%，女性为9%），并且睡眠呼吸障碍造成的公共卫生负担很大。这项调查研究了当前和以前吸烟作为睡眠呼吸障碍的潜在危险因素。方法数据来自威斯康星州大学麦迪逊睡眠队列研究的811名成年人。睡眠队列研究是一项纵向流行病学研究，使用夜间多导睡眠图来调查睡眠呼吸障碍和其他睡眠障碍。睡眠呼吸障碍的存在和严重程度通过每小时睡眠呼吸暂停和呼吸不足的频率来量化。结果Logistic回归分析控制了潜在的混杂因素。与从不吸烟者相比，目前吸烟者打鼾（比值比，2.29）和中度或更严重的睡眠呼吸障碍（比值比，4.44）的风险明显更大。重度吸烟者（每天吸烟≥ 40支）发生轻度睡眠呼吸障碍的风险最大（比值比，6.74），发生中度或重度睡眠呼吸障碍的风险最大（比值比，40.47）。调整混杂因素后，既往吸烟与打鼾和睡眠呼吸障碍无关。结论：目前吸烟者比从不吸烟者有更大的睡眠呼吸障碍风险。重度吸烟者患睡眠呼吸障碍的风险最大，而前吸烟者患睡眠呼吸障碍的风险不会增加。因此，在治疗和预防睡眠呼吸障碍时应考虑戒烟。
BACKGROUND Recent evidence indicates that the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing is remarkably high (24% for men and 9% for women) and that the public health burden attributable to sleep-disordered breathing is substantial. This investigation examines current and former cigarette smoking as potential risk factors for sleep-disordered breathing. METHODS Data were from 811 adults enrolled in the University of Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study, Madison. The Sleep Cohort Study is a longitudinal, epidemiologic study that uses nocturnal polysomnography to investigate sleep-disordered breathing and other disorders of sleep. The presence and severity of sleep-disordered breathing was quantified by the frequency of apneas and hypopneas per hour of sleep. RESULTS Logistic regression analyses were used to control for potential confounding factors. Compared with never smokers, current smokers had a significantly greater risk of snoring (odds ratio, 2.29) and of moderate or worse sleep-disordered breathing (odds ratio, 4.44). Heavy smokers (> or = 40 cigarettes per day) had the greatest risk of mild sleep-disordered breathing (odds ratio, 6.74) and of moderate or worse sleep-disordered breathing (odds ratio, 40.47). Former smoking was unrelated to snoring and sleep-disordered breathing after adjustment for confounders. CONCLUSIONS Current cigarette smokers are at greater risk for sleep-disordered breathing than are never smokers. Heavy smokers have the greatest risk while former smokers are not at increased risk for sleep-disordered breathing. Thus, smoking cessation should be considered in the treatment and prevention of sleep-disordered breathing.