Persistence of Lineage IV Peste-des-petits ruminants virus within Israel since 1993: An evolutionary perspective.
Persistence of Lineage IV Peste-des-petits ruminants virus within Israel since 1993: An evolutionary perspective.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0177028
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Parida S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clarke B;Mahapatra M;Friedgut O;Bumbarov V;Parida S
小反刍兽疫（PPR）是家养小反刍动物最重要的传染病之一。自 1942 年在西非首次发现以来，PPR 病毒 (PPRV) 已传播到许多发展中国家。目前，PPRV 被认为是整个非洲的地方病，但南非、中东和以色列以及南亚、东亚和中亚除外。尽管传播范围广泛，但 PPRV 在流行人群中的演变和传播尚不清楚。这种理解对于规划合理措施以在粮农组织和世界动物卫生组织规定的计划时间内根除小反刍兽疫至关重要。为了进一步加深对 PPRV 进化的理解，生成了 1997 年至 2014 年连续几年从以色列分离出的 18 种病毒的完整基因组序列。该数据集对于理解 PPRV 的演变来说是独特且至关重要的，因为它代表了来自单个地理位置的连续年份的第一组全长序列数据。对这些全基因组序列的分析显示，以色列分离株的核苷酸保守率为 96.2-99.9%，并进一步证明了以色列和全球范围内对 PPRV 的强大纯化选择压力。在以色列分离株中还鉴定出了表明推定阳性选择的四个氨基酸取代。每个地点每年的平均替代率估计为 9.22 x 10−4 (95% HPD 6.206 x 10−4–1.26 x 10−3)。使用贝叶斯和系统发育分析，我们进一步证明来自以色列的 PPRV 分离株属于 IV 系，并在全球传播的所有其他 IV 系病毒中形成一个强大的区域集群，这意味着对以色列的一次入侵。
Peste-des-petits ruminants (PPR) is one of the most important infectious diseases of domesticated small ruminants. From the initial identification in 1942 in West Africa, PPR virus (PPRV) has spread throughout much of the developing world. PPRV is now considered endemic throughout Africa, with the notable exception of South Africa, the Middle-East and Israel, as well as South-, East-, and Central Asia. Despite this widespread dispersal, the evolution and transmission of PPRV in endemic populations is not well understood. This understanding will be critical in the planning of rational measures to eradicate PPRV by the planned time as defined by the FAO and OIE. To further advance the understanding of the evolution of PPRV the full genome sequence of 18 viruses isolated from Israel from consecutive years between 1997–2014 were generated. This data set is unique and crucial for the understanding of the evolution of PPRV, as it represents the first set of full-length sequence data available from consecutive years from a single geographic location. Analysis of these full genome sequences shows 96.2–99.9% nucleotide conservation across the Israel isolates and further demonstrates the strong purifying selection pressures on PPRV within Israel and globally. Four amino acid substitutions indicative of putative positive selection were additionally identified within the Israel isolates. The mean substitution rate per site per year was estimated to be 9.22 x 10−4 (95% HPD 6.206 x 10−4–1.26 x 10−3). Using Bayesian and phylogenetic analyses we further demonstrate that the PPRV isolates from Israel belongs to linage IV and form a single strong regional cluster within all other lineage IV viruses circulating worldwide implying a single incursion into Israel.