Probability distribution and noise factor of solid state photomultiplier signals with cross-talk and afterpulsing
Probability distribution and noise factor of solid state photomultiplier signals with cross-talk and afterpulsing
复制标题
具有串扰和后脉冲的固态光电倍增管信号的概率分布和噪声系数
DOI：
10.1109/nssmic.2009.5402300
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Sitarsky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Vinogradov;T. Vinogradova;V. Shubin;D. Shushakov;K. Sitarsky
固态光电倍增管的工作原理是基于强负反馈限制下的盖革模式雪崩击穿。这种工作模式提供了高增益和雪崩倍增的超低多余噪声，从而能够检测单个光子。另一方面，高增益伴随着串扰和后脉冲过程，改变输出信号的概率分布函数并产生特定的过量噪声。关于它对信号分布和噪声的影响有许多报道，我们建议一些解析表达式将是有用的。因此，我们提出了在串扰和后脉冲存在时输出信号概率分布的简单模型（即复合泊松分布）。该模型的结果使我们能够计算出串扰和后脉冲的多余噪声因子，并找到测量其概率的简单方法。
Operating principles of Solid State Photomultipliers are based on Geiger mode avalanche breakdown limited by strong negative feedback. This operating mode provides both high gain and ultra-low excess noise of avalanche multiplication resulting in ability to detect single photons. On the other hand high gain is accompanied with cross-talk and afterpulsing processes changing the probability distribution function of output signals and arising specific excess noise. There are many reports regarding its influence on signal distribution and noise, and we suggest that some analytical expressions would be useful. We therefore are presenting a simple model of probability distribution of output signals in the presence of cross-talk and afterpulsing (namely compound Poisson distribution). The model results allow us to calculate excess noise factor of cross-talk and afterpulsing as well as to find simple way to measure its probabilities.