Nerve-dependent and -independent events in blastema formation during Xenopus froglet limb regeneration.
Nerve-dependent and -independent events in blastema formation during Xenopus froglet limb regeneration.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.08.021
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发表时间：
2005-10
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Makoto Suzuki;A. Satoh;H. Ide;K. Tamura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Makoto Suzuki;A. Satoh;H. Ide;K. Tamura
芽基的形成是两栖动物表型肢体再生的初始阶段，是产生再生体的重要过程。本研究以非洲爪蟾幼蛙前肢为系统，运用组织学和分子生物学方法，对芽基形成的神经依赖性进行了研究。我们还研究了肢体再生中侧面伤口愈合与芽基形成的比较。我们的研究证实，在分子水平上，有神经依赖性和非依赖性的事件在芽基形成肢体截肢后，Tbx5和Prx1，可靠的标志物开始肢体再生，开始独立于神经供应的表达，虽然他们的表达不能维持没有神经供应。我们还发现，细胞增殖活性，细胞存活和表达的FGF8，FGF10和Msx1的芽基的影响，由去神经支配，这表明这些事件特定芽基生长的神经供应控制。伤口愈合被认为是组织再生的一部分，与表型肢体再生有一些神经独立的事件，尽管愈合过程导致受伤组织的简单恢复。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，在肢体再生的初始阶段形成的去分化芽基细胞必须进入神经依赖的表型阶段，进一步的过程，包括芽基的生长，和失败的条目结果在一个简单的再分化为组织再生。
Blastema formation, the initial stage of epimorphic limb regeneration in amphibians, is an essential process to produce regenerates. In our study on nerve dependency of blastema formation, we used forelimb of Xenopus laevis froglets as a system and applied some histological and molecular approaches in order to determine early events during blastema formation. We also investigated the lateral wound healing in comparison to blastema formation in limb regeneration. Our study confirmed at the molecular level that there are nerve-dependent and -independent events during blastema formation after limb amputation, Tbx5 and Prx1, reliable markers of initiation of limb regeneration, that start to be expressed independently of nerve supply, although their expressions cannot be maintained without nerve supply. We also found that cell proliferation activity, cell survival and expression of Fgf8, Fgf10 and Msx1 in the blastema were affected by denervation, suggesting that these events specific for blastema outgrowth are controlled by the nerve supply. Wound healing, which is thought to be categorized into tissue regeneration, shares some nerve-independent events with epimorphic limb regeneration, although the healing process results in simple restoration of wounded tissue. Overall, our results demonstrate that dedifferentiated blastemal cells formed at the initial phase of limb regeneration must enter the nerve-dependent epimorphic phase for further processes, including blastema outgrowth, and that failure of entry results in a simple redifferentiation as tissue regeneration.