Change in Food Cravings, Food Preferences, and Appetite During a Low-Carbohydrate and Low-Fat Diet
Change in Food Cravings, Food Preferences, and Appetite During a Low-Carbohydrate and Low-Fat Diet
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DOI：
10.1038/oby.2011.62
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Foster, Gary D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martin, Corby K.;Rosenbaum, Diane;Foster, Gary D.
该研究的目的是评估低碳水化合物饮食（LCD）和低脂饮食（LFD）对食物渴望、食物偏好和食欲的影响。肥胖成年人被随机分配至 LCD (n = 134) 或 LFD (n = 136)，为期 2 年。对特定类型食物的渴望（甜食、高脂肪、快餐脂肪和碳水化合物/淀粉）；偏好高糖、高碳水化合物和低碳水化合物/高蛋白质食物；在试验期间测量和食欲，并在试验数据的二次分析期间进行评估。使用混合线性模型检查 LCD 和 LFD 在结果变量变化方面的差异。与 LFD 相比，LCD 对碳水化合物/淀粉的渴望以及对高碳水化合物和高糖食物的偏好显着下降。据报道，与 LFD 组相比，LCD 组较少受到饥饿的困扰。与 LCD 组相比，LFD 组对高脂肪食物的渴望和对低碳水化合物/高蛋白质食物的偏好显着下降。与女性相比，男性的食欲下降幅度更大。提倡限制特定类型食物的饮食处方会导致人们对限制食物的渴望和偏好减少。结果还表明，与 LFD 组相比，LCD 组较少受到饥饿的困扰，并且与女性相比，男性食欲下降幅度更大。
The study objective was to evaluate the effect of prescribing a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) and a low-fat diet (LFD) on food cravings, food preferences, and appetite. Obese adults were randomly assigned to a LCD (n = 134) or a LFD (n = 136) for 2 years. Cravings for specific types of foods (sweets, high-fats, fast-food fats, and carbohydrates/starches); preferences for high-sugar, high-carbohydrate, and low-carbohydrate/high-protein foods; and appetite were measured during the trial and evaluated during this secondary analysis of trial data. Differences between the LCD and LFD on change in outcome variables were examined with mixed linear models. Compared to the LFD, the LCD had significantly larger decreases in cravings for carbohydrates/starches and preferences for high-carbohydrate and high-sugar foods. The LCD group reported being less bothered by hunger compared to the LFD group. Compared to the LCD group, the LFD group had significantly larger decreases in cravings for high-fat foods and preference for low-carbohydrate/high-protein foods. Men had larger decreases in appetite ratings compared to women. Prescription of diets that promoted restriction of specific types of foods resulted in decreased cravings and preferences for the foods that were targeted for restriction. The results also indicate that the LCD group was less bothered by hunger compared to the LFD group and that men had larger reductions in appetite compared to women.