BIONOMICS OF CULEX-TARSALIS (DIPTERA, CULICIDAE) IN RELATION TO ARBOVIRUS TRANSMISSION IN SOUTHEASTERN CALIFORNIA
BIONOMICS OF CULEX-TARSALIS (DIPTERA, CULICIDAE) IN RELATION TO ARBOVIRUS TRANSMISSION IN SOUTHEASTERN CALIFORNIA
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DOI：
10.1093/jmedent/32.3.316
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发表时间：
1995-05-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
HARDY, JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
REISEN, WK;LOTHROP, HD;HARDY, JL
1991年和1992年在加州的Imperial和Coachella山谷对寻找寄主的跗库蚊（Culex tarsalis Coquillett）的种群动态和生物学特性进行了研究。在春季和秋季，在大多数病毒传播发生之前和之后，女性丰度最大，与温度，湿度或降雨量无关。产次率最高，夏末病毒活动达到高峰，12月最低时，女性可能进入短期的生殖滞育。虽然最有可能被低估，订单多产女性的比例收集在一个一致的，但全年较低的水平。产次率的变化似乎主要受1胎女性比例的影响。从产次率估计的存活率（调整到考虑到自生）在冬季最高，然而，女性存活的比例可能传播WEE或SLE病毒在夏季和初秋最高。翅长在夏季呈负相关的温度和BF女性年龄的函数增加，这意味着较大的女性寿命最长。然而，自体的女性是大于anautogenous女性在出现，只有经产的自体女性收集主机寻求，从而混淆大小和年龄之间的关系。果糖检测呈阳性的女性比例在冬季最高，夏季最低，可能影响生存和吸血的热情。媒介能力（感染，传播和传播率，和ID50）的女性收集的主机寻求或出现从外地收集的脓疱WEE或SLE病毒保持相似，随着时间的推移，即使在这些实验中使用的女性的翅膀长度不同的样品。我们的结论是，在自然界中，病毒传播的进展有效地在仲夏，因为温度升高缩短了外源性的潜伏期，而没有显着降低生存率，从而增加了比例的女性幸存的外源性潜伏期成为传染性的。
Population dynamics and bionomics of host-seeking Culex tarsalis Coquillett were studied in the imperial and Coachella valleys of California during periods in 1991 and 1992 when western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE) and St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) viruses were transmitted to sentinel chickens. Female abundance was greatest during the spring and fall, before and after most virus transmission occurred and was not correlated with temperature, humidity, or rainfall. Parity rates were highest during late summer when virus activity peaked and were lowest during December when females may enter a short-term reproductive diapause. Although most likely underestimated, the proportion of order multiparous females were collected at a consistent, but low level throughout the year. Changes in the parity rate seemed to be influenced primarily by the proportions of 1-parous females. Survivorship estimated from the parity rate (adjusted to account for autogeny) was highest in winter; however, the proportion of females surviving to potentially transmit either WEE or SLE virus was highest in summer and early fall. Wing length decreased in summer as an inverse correlate of temperature and increased as a function bf female age, implying that larger females lived longest. However, autogenous females were larger than anautogenous females at emergence and only parous autogenous females were collected host seeking, thereby confounding the relationship between size and age. The proportion of females testing positive for fructose was greatest during winter and lowest during summer, perhaps affecting survivorship and blood-feeding avidity. The vector competence (infection, dissemination and transmission rates, and ID50) of females collected host seeking or emerging from field-collected pupae for WEE or SLE viruses remained similar over time, even though the wing length of females used in these experiments differed among samples. We conclude that in nature virus transmission progressed efficiently during midsummer because elevated temperatures shortened the extrinsic incubation period without markedly decreasing survivorship resulting in an increased proportion of females surviving extrinsic incubation to become infective.