The autonomic pharmacology of the bladder.
The autonomic pharmacology of the bladder.
复制标题
膀胱的自主药理学。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1972
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Taira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Taira
哺乳动物膀胱（本文简称膀胱）接受副交感神经和交感神经的支配。然而，与心脏和虹膜不同，膀胱对副交感神经刺激的反应特别抵抗阿托品的阻断。由于这种对阿托品的耐药性，大多数关于膀胱的药理学工作都致力于阐明副渐近性神经节后纤维的性质。膀胱由两个功能不同的单位组成，逼尿肌和三角区，这两个单位对交感神经刺激和外源性儿茶酚胺的反应不同。此外，反应显示出相当大的物种差异。因此，释放的递质和外源性儿茶酚胺的激活方式也是膀胱自主药理学的主要课题。通过使用在过去两个十年中开发的药理学工具，其中一些问题已经得到解决，但有些问题仍然没有得到解决。因此，本审查不可避免地涉及这些问题。通过现代形态学技术获得的关于膀胱中副交感神经和交感神经节后纤维的测定的信息似乎有助于药理学理解这些纤维的性质及其作用的部位和方式。因此，本审查报告首先简要介绍这一点。
The mammalian urinary bladder (ca11ed simply the bladder in the pres ent review) receives both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervations. However, the response of the bladder to parasympathetic nerve stimulation is particularly resistant to blockade by atropine, unlike that of the heart and the iris. Because of this atropine-resistance most pharmacological works on the bladder have been devoted to elucidation of the nature of parasympa thetic postganglionic fibers. The bladder consists of two functionally different units, the detrusor and the trigone, and the two units respond differently to sympathetic nerve stimulation and to exogenous catecholamines. Moreover, the responses show considerable species differences. Thus, the mode of ac tion of the released transmitter and of exogenous catecholamines have also been the main subject of the autonomic pharmacology of the bladder. By use of pharmacological tools that have been developed in the past two de cades some of these problems have been solved, but some still remain un solved. The present review is, thus, inevitably concerned with these prob lems. Information obtained by modern morphological techniques about ter mination of parasympathetic and sympathetic postganglionic fibers in the bladder appears helpful for pharmacological understanding of the nature of these fibers and their site and mode of action. Therefore, the present review starts with a brief account of this.