Paenibacillus strains with nitrogen fixation and multiple beneficial properties for promoting plant growth
Paenibacillus strains with nitrogen fixation and multiple beneficial properties for promoting plant growth
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具有固氮作用和促进植物生长多种有益特性的类芽孢杆菌菌株
DOI：
10.7717/peerj.7445
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发表时间：
2019-09-23
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Chen, Sanfeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Xiaomeng;Li, Qin;Chen, Sanfeng
类芽孢杆菌属是革兰氏阳性、兼性厌氧、内孢子形成细菌的大属。类芽孢杆菌属目前包括超过150个命名的物种，其中大约20个具有固氮能力。固氮类芽孢杆菌属菌株在农业中具有作为细菌肥料的潜在用途。采用无氮培养基，在85 ℃下加热10 min，从不同地区不同植物根际采集的69份土样中分离到179株细菌。在179株细菌中，有25株类芽孢杆菌属（Paenibacillus）具有固氮酶Fe蛋白基因，并表现出固氮酶活性。在25株固氮类芽孢杆菌中，有22株产生吲哚乙酸（IAA）。25株固氮类芽孢杆菌中有21株对禾谷丝核菌、禾谷镰刀菌、玉米赤霉、茄病镰刀菌、棉花炭疽菌和长柄链格孢菌中的至少一种有抑制作用。18株菌对5种植物病原菌有抑制作用，类芽孢杆菌SZ-13 b对6种植物病原菌均有抑制作用。根据固氮酶活性、抑菌能力和IAA产生量，筛选出8株菌株对小麦、黄瓜和番茄进行了抑菌试验。结果表明，类芽孢杆菌JS-4、SZ-10、SZ-14、BJ-4和SZ-15 5株菌对植物生长有明显的促进作用，并提高了植物的干重。因此，这5株菌具有较大的潜力，可作为生物肥料的良好候选者，以促进农业的可持续发展。
Paenibacillus is a large genus of Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic, endospore-forming bacteria. The genus Paenibacillus currently comprises more than 150 named species, approximately 20 of which have nitrogen-fixation ability. The N-2-fixing Paenibacillus strains have potential uses as a bacterial fertilizer in agriculture. In this study, 179 bacterial strains were isolated by using nitrogen-free medium after heating at 85 degrees C for 10 min from 69 soil samples collected from different plant rhizospheres in different areas. Of the 179 bacterial strains, 25 Paenibacillus strains had nifH gene encoding Fe protein of nitrogenase and showed nitrogenase activities. Of the 25 N-2-fixing Paenibacillus strains, 22 strains produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). 21 strains out of the 25 N-2-fixing Paenibacillus strains inhibited at least one of the 6 plant pathogens Rhizoctonia cerealis, Fusarium graminearum, Gibberella zeae, Fusarium solani, Colletotrichum gossypii and Alternaria longipes. 18 strains inhibited 5 plant pathogens and Paenibacillus sp. SZ-13b could inhibit the growth of all of the 6 plant pathogens. According to the nitrogenase activities, antibacterial capacities and IAA production, we chose eight strains to inoculate wheat, cucumber and tomato. Our results showed that the 5 strains Paenibacillus sp. JS-4, Paenibacillus sp. SZ-10, Paenibacillus sp. SZ-14, Paenibacillus sp. BJ-4 and Paenibacillus sp. SZ-15 significantly promoted plant growth and enhanced the dry weight of plants. Hence, the five strains have the greater potential to be used as good candidates for biofertilizer to facilitate sustainable development of agriculture.