Is retirement good or bad for mental and physical health functioning? Whitehall II longitudinal study of civil servants.
Is retirement good or bad for mental and physical health functioning? Whitehall II longitudinal study of civil servants.
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DOI：
10.1136/jech.57.1.46
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Marmot, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mein, G.;Martikainen, P.;Marmot, M.
背景：通过职业等级和性别分析，确定 60 岁退休是否与身心健康的改善或恶化相关。方法：对基线年龄为 54 至 59 岁的公务员进行纵向研究，比较随访时退休参与者 (n=392) 和在职参与者 (n=618) SF-36 健康功能的变化。数据是从自我完成的问卷中收集的。结果：继续工作的人的心理健康功能恶化，但退休的人的心理健康功能有所改善。然而，心理健康的改善仅限于就业级别较高的人。在职和退休公务员的身体机能均下降。结论：研究发现，60 岁退休对身体健康功能没有影响，而且与心理健康的改善有关，尤其是在高社会经济地位群体中。
Background: To determine whether retirement at age 60 is associated with improvement or deterioration in mental and physical health, when analysed by occupational grade and gender. Methods: Longitudinal study of civil servants aged 54 to 59 years at baseline, comparing changes in SF-36 health functioning in retired (n=392) and working (n=618) participants at follow up. Data were collected from self completed questionnaires. Results: Mental health functioning deteriorated among those who continued to work, but improved among the retired. However, improvements in mental health were restricted to those in higher employment grades. Physical functioning declined in both working and retired civil servants. Conclusion: The study found that retirement at age 60 had no effects on physical health functioning and, if anything, was associated with an improvement in mental health, particularly among high socioeconomic status groups.