Raised FGF-21 and Triglycerides Accompany Increased Energy Intake Driven by Protein Leverage in Lean, Healthy Individuals: A Randomised Trial.
Raised FGF-21 and Triglycerides Accompany Increased Energy Intake Driven by Protein Leverage in Lean, Healthy Individuals: A Randomised Trial.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0161003
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Simpson SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gosby AK;Lau NS;Tam CS;Iglesias MA;Morrison CD;Caterson ID;Brand-Miller J;Conigrave AD;Raubenheimer D;Simpson SJ
当饮食中蛋白质的比例降低到总能量的10%左右时，人类对蛋白质的主要胃口驱使能量摄入增加。对蛋白质的补偿性喂养在1-2天的时间内是明显的，但驱动这种调节的机制尚不完全清楚。成纤维细胞生长因子-21 （FGF-21）已被确定为一种候选蛋白质信号，当膳食蛋白质含量低时，其水平会在血液循环中升高。这项随机对照试验的目的是评估在4天的自由试验期间，瘦、健康参与者饮食中蛋白质百分比的变化是否会影响能量摄入、代谢健康、循环FGF-21和食欲调节激素（包括胃饥饿素、胰高血糖素样肽-1和胆囊收缩素）。22名瘦弱健康的参与者在3、4天的受控室内实验期间，被喂食含有10%、15%和25%蛋白质的随意饮食。如先前报道的那样，在4天内将膳食蛋白质摄入量从25%减少到10%与能量摄入增加14% （p = 0.02）相关，空腹循环血浆FGF-21水平增加6倍（p<0.0001），血清甘油三酯增加1.5倍（p<0.0001），血清总胆固醇降低0.9倍（p = 0.02）。血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇随着膳食蛋白质在4 d内从15%减少到10% （p = 0.01）而降低，但没有从25%减少到10% (p = 0.1)，与基线相比，饮食之间的变化没有差异。血浆空腹胰岛素水平在4天研究期后，25%自由活动研究期明显低于15%蛋白质组（p = 0.014），但10%蛋白质组没有（p = 0.2）。在每个研究期间，间质葡萄糖的变异性随着膳食蛋白质从25%下降到15%和10%而增加（p = 0.001和p = 0.04）。胃饥饿素、胰高血糖素样肽-1和胆囊收缩素不变。能量摄入、血浆FGF-21和血清甘油三酯的增加与4天自由取食期饲粮蛋白质能量百分比从25%降低到10%有关，可能对调节饲粮蛋白质摄入量很重要。澳大利亚新西兰临床试验注册中心ACTRN12616000144415
A dominant appetite for protein drives increased energy intake in humans when the proportion of protein in the diet is reduced down to approximately 10% of total energy. Compensatory feeding for protein is apparent over a 1–2 d period but the mechanisms driving this regulation are not fully understood. Fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) has been identified as a candidate protein signal as levels increase in the circulation when dietary protein is low. The aim of this randomised controlled trial was to assess whether changes in percent dietary protein over a 4 d ad libitum experimental period in lean, healthy participants influenced energy intake, metabolic health, circulating FGF-21 and appetite regulating hormones including ghrelin, glucagon like peptide-1 and cholecystokinin. Twenty-two lean, healthy participants were fed ad libitum diets containing 10, 15 and 25% protein, over three, 4 d controlled, in-house experimental periods. Reduced dietary protein intake from 25% to 10% over a period of 4 d was associated with 14% increased energy intake (p = 0.02) as previously reported, and a 6-fold increase in fasting circulating plasma FGF-21 levels (p<0.0001), a 1.5-fold increase in serum triglycerides (p<0.0001), and a 0.9-fold decrease in serum total cholesterol (p = 0.02). Serum HDL cholesterol was reduced with a reduction in dietary protein from 15% to 10% (p = 0.01) over 4 d but not from 25% to 10% (p = 0.1) and the change from baseline was not different between diets. Plasma fasting insulin levels following the 4 d study period were significantly lower following the 25% ad libitum study period compared to the 15% protein period (p = 0.014) but not the 10% protein period (p = 0.2). Variability in interstitial glucose during each study period increased with a decrease in dietary protein from 25% to 15% and 10% (p = 0.001 and p = 0.04, respectively). Ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 and cholecystokinin were unchanged. Increases in energy intake, plasma FGF-21 and serum triglycerides were associated with reductions in percent dietary protein from 25% to 10% energy over a 4 d ad libitum in-house feeding period and may be important in regulation of dietary protein intake. Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12616000144415