Visible-Light-Mediated Heterocycle Functionalization via Geometrically Interrupted [2+2] Cycloaddition.

Visible-Light-Mediated Heterocycle Functionalization via Geometrically Interrupted [2+2] Cycloaddition.
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DOI:
10.1002/anie.202009704
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发表时间:
2020-12-14
期刊:
Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Smith MD
Smith MD
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Popescu MV;Mekereeya A;Alegre-Requena JV;Paton RS;Smith MD

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The [2+2] photocycloaddition is the most valuable and intensively investigated photochemical process. Here we demonstrate that irradiation of N‐acryloyl heterocycles with blue LED light (440 nm) in the presence of an IrIII complex leads to efficient and high yielding fused γ‐lactam formation across a range of substituted heterocycles. Quantum calculations show that the reaction proceeds via cyclization in the triplet excited state to yield a 1,4‐diradical; intersystem crossing leads preferentially to the closed shell singlet zwitterion. This is geometrically restricted from undergoing recombination to yield a cyclobutane by the planarity of the amide substituent. A prototropic shift leads to the observed bicyclic products in what can be viewed as an interrupted [2+2] cycloaddition. Irradiation of N‐acryloyl heterocycles with blue LED light and an IrIII complex leads to fused γ‐lactam formation. The reaction proceeds via cyclization in the triplet excited state to yield a 1,4‐diradical; intersystem crossing leads to a singlet zwitterion that is geometrically restricted from yielding a cyclobutane. Proton transfer leads to the products in an interrupted [2+2] cycloaddition.
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