The state of research on historically Black colleges and universities
The state of research on historically Black colleges and universities
复制标题
DOI：
10.1108/jme-01-2014-0004
复制
发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Commodore, Felecia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gasman, Marybeth;Commodore, Felecia
目的-这篇文章的目的是研究历史上的黑人学院和大学（HBCUs）的突出文献，为有兴趣在这些institutions.Design/方法/方式学者未来的研究议程的总体目标-这篇文献综述分为两个主要部分：优势和挑战。为了推动HBCUs向前发展，学者们需要了解这些机构的优势以及面临的挑战。结果-主要优势包括HBCUs提供的教育的增值性质（即HBCUs愿意教育“有风险”的学生）;学费的可负担性;社区参与;后代的领导能力培训;以非洲为中心的课程和竞争性但又支持性的学习环境，这在科学、技术、工程和数学领域特别有益;注重教学;教师和学生的多样性。本文的前半部分将重点介绍这些优势。这些国家的专家还指出了以下挑战：保留率和毕业率低;缺乏财政资源（特别是对于学生奖学金和吸引教师），并从历史上的白色机构（HWI）的竞争;可持续的行政领导的需要; HBCU的成功故事缺乏营销;废除种族隔离和坚持使命的压力;培养关心HBCU需求的未来学者的挑战;小捐赠规模;以及学生入学率中持续存在的性别差距。本文的后半部分将集中在这些challenges.Practical影响-此外，通过确定的优势和挑战，研究人员可以帮助从业人员在HBCUs以及那些在政策和资金领域更好地了解HBCUs.Social影响的需求-对HBCUs的研究在过去的30年中大幅增长。然而，这一研究机构仍然有很大的差距和漏洞。如果填补，许多这些差距和漏洞将导致更强大的机构，对HBCU的影响有更多的了解，并增强HBCU学生的学习经验。许多年轻学者有兴趣研究HBCUs，但往往气馁：当他们与他们的导师联系时，他们被告知这并不重要，他们的职业生涯将受到主题选择的限制。在HBCU社区的各个部门缺乏对可能发现弱点或不以完全有利的方式对待HBCU的研究的支持。我们鼓励那些有兴趣从事研究相关HBCUs找到导师谁将支持他们在他们的pursus.Originality/值-虽然这些主题和随后的建议涉及到一些有争议的问题，这是重要的个人附属于和谁关心HBCUs进行这项研究之前，不知情的外人做（Gasman，2006年）。HBCU、HBCU教职员工、HBCU学者-从业者和HBCU盟友--“内部人士”和“外部人士”--需要共同努力，确保那些最接近HBCU的人有机会分享自己的声音，而不仅仅是让别人为他们说话。HBCU的领导者和组织忽视负面数据和机构挑战，这样做是有风险的。
Purpose - The purpose of this article is to examine the salient literature on historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) with an overarching goal of setting a future research agenda for scholars interested in these institutions.Design/methodology/approach - This literature review is organized into two main sections: strengths and challenges. To move HBCUs forward, scholars need an understanding of these institutions' strengths as well as those challenges that lie ahead.Findings - The major strengths include the value-added nature of the education provided by HBCUs (i.e. the willingness of HBCUs to educate "at-risk" students); affordability in terms of tuition; community engagement; leadership training of future generations; Afrocentric curricula and a competitive yet supportive learning environment, which is particularly beneficial in the Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) fields; a focus on teaching; and faculty and student diversity. The first half of this paper will focus on these strengths. These same national experts identified the challenges as low retention and graduation rates; lack of financial resources (especially for student scholarships and attracting faculty), and competition from historically White institutions (HWIs); the need for sustainable administrative leadership; lack of marketing of HBCU success stories; the pressures of desegregation and holding true to mission; the challenge of producing future scholars who care about the needs of HBCUs; small endowment size; and the persistent gender gaps in student enrollment. The second half of this paper will focus on these challenges.Practical implications - In addition, by identifying the strengths and challenges, researchers can assist practitioners at HBCUs as well as those in the policy and funding arenas in better understanding the needs of HBCUs.Social implications - The research on HBCUs has grown substantially over the past 30 years. However, this body of research still has substantial gaps and holes. If filled, many of these gaps and holes would lead to stronger institutions, greater knowledge on the impact of HBCUs and enhanced learning experiences for HBCU students. Many young scholars are interested in studying HBCUs but are often discouraged: when they approach their advisor with the topic, they are told it is not important and that their career will be limited by the topical choice. There is a lack of support within sections of the HBCU community for research that might uncover weaknesses or not treat HBCUs in an entirely favorable light. We encourage those interested in pursuing research related to HBCUs to find mentors who will support them in their pursuits.Originality/value - Although some of these topics and subsequent suggestions involve taking on controversial issues, it is important for individuals affiliated with and who care about HBCUs to conduct this research before uninformed outsiders do it (Gasman, 2006). There needs to be a concerted effort from HBCUs, HBCU faculty, HBCU scholar - practitioners and HBCU allies - the "insiders" and the "outsiders" - to ensure those closest to HBCUs have the opportunity to share their own voice, rather than simply have others speak for them. HBCU leaders and organizations that ignore negative data and institutional challenges do so at their own peril.