Socioeconomic Status Changes of the Host Communities after the Rohingya Refugee Influx in the Southern Coastal Area of Bangladesh
Socioeconomic Status Changes of the Host Communities after the Rohingya Refugee Influx in the Southern Coastal Area of Bangladesh
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DOI：
10.3390/su13084240
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发表时间：
2021-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Tani, Masakazu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ullah, S. M. Asik;Asahiro, Kazuo;Tani, Masakazu
从缅甸涌入的难民被称为罗辛亚难民，这是全球难民问题的一个严重关切。孟加拉国目前在考克斯巴扎的沿海地区收容了100万罗辛亚难民。考虑到难民的数量，除了人道主义关切之外，他们还给当地收容社区带来了压力。本研究探讨了难民涌入后收容社区的社会经济变化。为了实现这项研究的目标，对孟加拉国沿海地区罗辛亚难民营附近的35个村庄进行了调查。在村庄中，10%的家庭在2016年和2020年进行了调查，分别涵盖1924户和2265户。为了确定最近难民涌入后的变化，对收容社区在2016年和2020年的社会经济地位进行了时间上的比较。这项研究发现，当地社区的社会经济地位下降。年收入下降了24%，对于一个最近国内生产总值(GDP)增长超过6%的国家来说，这是不寻常的。除农业外，所有谋生选择的收入都有所下降，这可能与廉价劳动力的可获得性和对商品的高需求有关。使用k-Means对这些村庄进行了分组，发现有20个村庄在难民涌入后受到影响，社会经济地位下降。收容社区最初的总体看法是积极的，但后来对难民的看法变得消极。这项研究将对政府和捐助机构制定适当管理难民营和邻近收容社区的战略具有重要意义。
The refugee influx from Myanmar, known as Rohingya refugees, is a serious concern for global refugee issues. Bangladesh currently hosts one million Rohingya refugees in the coastal district of Cox's Bazar. Considering the number of the refugees, in addition to the humanitarian concerns, they are also creating pressure on the local host communities. This study explored the socioeconomic changes of the host communities after the refugee influx. In order to fulfill this study's objectives, 35 villages near the Rohingya refugee camps from the coastal district of Bangladesh were surveyed. In the villages, 10% of households were surveyed in 2016 and also in 2020, covering 1924 and 2265 households, respectively. A temporal comparison of the host community's socioeconomic status between 2016 and 2020 was conducted in order to determine the changes after the recent refugee influx. This study found that the local community's socioeconomic status degraded. The annual income decreased by 24%, which is unusual for a country with over 6% gross domestic product (GDP) growth in recent times. The income decreased from all livelihood options except farming, which could be related to the availability of cheap labor and the high demand for commodities. The villages were clustered using k-means, and 20 villages were found to be affected after the refugee influx with degraded socioeconomic status. The host community's general perception was initially positive, but later turned negative toward the refugees. This study will be important for the government and donor agencies to develop strategies to properly manage the refugee camps and adjacent host communities.