Secondary Ice Production: Current State of the Science and Recommendations for the Future
Secondary Ice Production: Current State of the Science and Recommendations for the Future
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DOI：
10.1175/amsmonographs-d-16-0014.1
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sullivan, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Field, P. R.;Lawson, R. P.;Sullivan, S.
在适度过冷（温度接近于-10摄氏度）的自然云中，测量到的冰晶浓度通常比初级冰成核粒子的数量浓度大几个数量级。因此，长期以来一直提出，必须存在能够在初始初级冰成核事件之后快速提高冰群的数量浓度的次级冰生产过程。二次制冰对于预测冰晶浓度和随后某些类型云的演变很重要，但这一过程的物理基础尚不清楚，其产生率也没有得到很好的限制。2015年11月，举行了一次国际研讨会，讨论了科学的现状和未来的工作，以限制和提高我们对二次制冰过程的理解。实例和建议，在现场观测，遥感，实验室调查和建模方法。
Measured ice crystal concentrations in natural clouds at modest supercooling (temperature similar to>-10 degrees C) are often orders ofmagnitude greater than the number concentration of primary ice nucleating particles. Therefore, it has long been proposed that a secondary ice production process must exist that is able to rapidly enhance the number concentration of the ice population following initial primary ice nucleation events. Secondary ice production is important for the prediction of ice crystal concentration and the subsequent evolution of some types of clouds, but the physical basis of the process is not understood and the production rates are not well constrained. In November 2015 an international workshop was held to discuss the current state of the science and future work to constrain and improve our understanding of secondary ice production processes. Examples and recommendations for in situ observations, remote sensing, laboratory investigations, and modeling approaches are presented.