COMMUNICATION VIA ONE-PARTICLE AND 2-PARTICLE OPERATORS ON EINSTEIN-PODOLSKY-ROSEN STATES
COMMUNICATION VIA ONE-PARTICLE AND 2-PARTICLE OPERATORS ON EINSTEIN-PODOLSKY-ROSEN STATES
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.69.2881
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发表时间：
1992-11-16
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
WIESNER, SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BENNETT, CH;WIESNER, SJ
众所周知，对爱因斯坦 - 波多尔斯基 - 罗森（EPR）对中的一个粒子进行操作不会影响对另一个粒子测量的边缘统计量。我们通过单粒子操作来描述从初始EPR态可获得的态的集合，并表明在某种意义上它们允许在一个自旋 - 1/2粒子中可靠地编码两个比特：一方，“爱丽丝”，准备一个EPR对并将其中一个粒子发送给另一方，“鲍勃”，鲍勃对该粒子应用四个幺正算符中的一个，然后将其返回给爱丽丝。通过联合测量这两个粒子，爱丽丝现在能够可靠地得知鲍勃使用了哪个算符。
As is well known, operations on one particle of an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pair cannot influence the marginal statistics of measurements on the other particle. We characterize the set of states accessible from an initial EPR state by one-particle operations and show that in a sense they allow two bits to be encoded reliably in one spin-1/2 particle: One party, "Alice," prepares an EPR pair and sends one of the particles to another party, "Bob," who applies one of four unitary operators to the particle, and then returns it to Alice. By measuring the two particles jointly, Alice can now reliably learn which operator Bob used.