Symmetry Breaking in Bose‐Einstein Condensates
Symmetry Breaking in Bose‐Einstein Condensates
复制标题
DOI：
10.1063/1.2400646
复制
发表时间：
2006-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Masahito Ueda;Y. Kawaguchi;H. Saito;R. Kanamoto;T. Nakajima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Masahito Ueda;Y. Kawaguchi;H. Saito;R. Kanamoto;T. Nakajima
气态玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体（BEC）为研究对称性破缺提供了理想的试验场，因为被困的BEC系统处于介观状态，并且存在对称性破缺可能发生或可能不发生的情况。研究这个问题可以解释为什么平均场理论在阐明气态BEC系统方面如此成功，以及多体效应何时起着重要作用。我们证实了这些想法在四个不同的情况下：即孤子形成的吸引力BEC，涡旋成核旋转BEC，自发磁化旋BEC，和自旋织构形成偶极BEC。
A gaseous Bose‐Einstein condensate (BEC) offers an ideal testing ground for studying symmetry breaking, because a trapped BEC system is in a mesoscopic regime, and situations exist under which symmetry breaking may or may not occur. Investigating this problem can explain why mean‐field theories have been so successful in elucidating gaseous BEC systems and when many‐body effects play a significant role. We substantiate these ideas in four distinct situations: namely, soliton formation in attractive BECs, vortex nucleation in rotating BECs, spontaneous magnetization in spinor BECs, and spin texture formation in dipolar BECs.