Vasopressin and the Cardiovascular System: Physiology or Pharmacology?
Vasopressin and the Cardiovascular System: Physiology or Pharmacology?
复制标题
加压素和心血管系统：生理学还是药理学？
DOI：
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发表时间：
1986
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
S. Gardiner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Bennett;S. Gardiner
不同品系的麻醉大鼠对加压素V1受体拮抗剂[d（CH 2）5DAVP]的给药表现出兴奋反应。在清醒、充满水的动物或皮下注射聚乙二醇（PEG）引起等渗性低血容量的Long-Evans大鼠中未观察到这种效应。然而，Long-Evans大鼠经历了类似的体积减少，由于水剥夺显示高渗透压，并表现出一个小的膨胀反应d（CH 2）5DAVP。d（CH 2）5DAVP给药后抑制肾素-血管紧张素系统导致PEG处理的低血压比缺水的Long-Evans大鼠更大。在这两种实验条件下，血压的下降幅度大于卡托普利给药先于d（CH 2）5DAVP给药时，表明d（CH 2）5DAVP的长期给药可能干扰外周V1受体介导的机制以外的机制。然而，d（CH 2）5DAVP和卡托普利的管理，缺水的Long-Evans大鼠很少会导致严重的低血压，在缺水的Brattleboro大鼠单独给予卡托普利。在某些肾上腺切除Wistar大鼠中，在撤盐补充后，对d（CH 2）5DAVP的肿胀反应在任何实验模型中均最大。这些结果表明，AVP是公开参与支持血压在各种膨胀状态，更重要的是，可能是负责维持一个“正常”的血压在某些条件下。然而，AVP在大多数血压正常的情况下参与心血管调节是非常微妙的。
Anesthetized rats of different strains show a hypotensive response to administration of an antagonist of the V1 receptors for vasopressin [d(CH2)5DAVP]. Such an effect is not seen in conscious, water-replete animals or in Long-Evans rats challenged with a subcutaneous injection of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to cause isosmotic hypovolemia. However, Long-Evans rats experiencing a similar volume reduction due to water deprivation show hyperosmolality and exhibit a small hypotensive response to d(CH2)5DAVP. Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system following administration of d(CH2)5DAVP causes a greater hypotension in PEG-treated than in water-deprived Long-Evans rats. In both experimental conditions, the fall in blood pressure is greater than when captopril administration precedes that of d(CH2)5DAVP, indicating that prolonged administration of d(CH2)5DAVP may be interfering with mechanisms other than those mediated by peripheral V1 receptors. However, administration of d(CH2)5DAVP and captopril to water-deprived Long-Evans rats rarely causes the profound hypotension seen in water-deprived Brattleboro rats given captopril alone. In some adrenalectomized Wistar rats, following withdrawal of salt supplementation, the hypotensive response to d(CH2)5DAVP is the greatest seen in any experimental model. These results indicate that AVP is overtly involved in the support of blood pressure in various hypotensive states and, more importantly, may be responsible for the maintenance of a “normal” blood pressure in some conditions. However, the involvement of AVP in cardiovascular regulation in the majority of normotensive conditions is intriguingly subtle.