Is floral diversification associated with pollinator divergence?: Flower shape, flower colour and pollinator preference in chilean Mimulus
Is floral diversification associated with pollinator divergence?: Flower shape, flower colour and pollinator preference in chilean Mimulus
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DOI：
10.1093/aob/mcn014
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Willis, J. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cooley, A. M.;Carvallo, G.;Willis, J. H.
背景和目的对不同传粉者的适应被认为是导致花色和形态分化的原因，并可能导致种间生殖隔离。花的多样性进行了测试与不同的传粉者的偏好在一组四个密切相关的野花物种：黄花Mimulus luteus变种。luteus和红色素M. L. variegatus，M. naiandinus和M.在智利中部的自然植物种群，包括单一物种和混合物种的网站传粉者的访问模式进行了评估。花的花青素色素进行了鉴定，花的形态和花蜜的变化进行了量化，在一个共同的花园实验，使用从研究地点收集的种子。luteus，M. L. variegatus和M.奈安丁属在形态上相似，并且共享一个多面手熊蜂传粉者，熊蜂。Mimulus cupreus显着不同的前三个类群的花冠形状，以及花蜜的特点，并有少得多的传粉visits.Conclusions该系统显示有限的潜力传粉媒介介导的限制基因流作为一个功能的花的颜色，并没有证据过渡到一个新的传粉媒介。Mimulus cupreus可能会因为缺乏大黄蜂的访问而减少种间基因流，但不是因为它的红色色素沉着：罕见的黄色变体同样没有被传粉者访问。总体而言，结果表明，传粉者的转变以外的因素可能有助于维持这些智利Mimulus物种的花的多样性。
Background and Aims Adaptation to different pollinators is thought to drive divergence in flower colour and morphology, and may lead to interspecific reproductive isolation. Floral diversity was tested for association with divergent pollinator preferences in a group of four closely related wildflower species: the yellow-flowered Mimulus luteus var. luteus and the red-pigmented M. l. variegatus, M. naiandinus and M. cupreus.Methods Patterns of pollinator visitation were evaluated in natural plant populations in central Chile, including both single-species and mixed-species sites. Floral anthocyanin pigments were identified, and floral morphology and nectar variation were quantified in a common garden experiment using seeds collected from the study sites.Key Results Mimulus l. luteus, M. l. variegatus and M. naiandinus are morphologically similar and share a single generalist bumblebee pollinator, Bombus dahlbomii. Mimulus cupreus differs significantly from the first three taxa in corolla shape as well as nectar characteristics, and had far fewer pollinator visits.Conclusions This system shows limited potential for pollinator-mediated restriction of gene flow as a function of flower colour, and no evidence of transition to a novel pollinator. Mimulus cupreus may experience reduced interspecific gene flow due to a lack of bumblebee visitation, but not because of its red pigmentation: rare yellow morphs are equally undervisited by pollinators. Overall, the results suggest that factors other than pollinator shifts may contribute to the maintenance of floral diversity in these Chilean Mimulus species.