Use of alcohol and drugs by Norwegian employees: a pilot study using questionnaires and analysis of oral fluid
Use of alcohol and drugs by Norwegian employees: a pilot study using questionnaires and analysis of oral fluid
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/1745-6673-5-13
复制
发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Morland, Jorg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gjerde, Hallvard;Christophersen, Asbjorg S.;Morland, Jorg
背景：酒精和药物的使用可能会影响工作场所的安全和生产力。鲜为人知的是，这个问题的严重性，在Norwegy.Methods：员工招聘方法与或没有个人的后续行动进行了比较。员工们填写了一份调查问卷，并提供了一份口腔液样本。样本进行了分析，酒精，乙基葡萄糖醛酸苷（EtG的生物标志物，最近大量的酒精摄入量），精神活性药物和非法药物。结果：参与率和没有个人后续分别为96%和68%。2.1%的样本中酒精呈阴性（2.2 ng/ml）。在过去一年中，24.3%的人报告工作效率低下或宿醉，而6.2%的人因饮酒而缺勤。自我报告和分析测试的结合表明，在过去的48小时内，分别有5.1%和1.7%的参与者使用过药用或非法药物;而只有4.2%和0.4%的参与者在问卷中承认使用过。自我报告的数据表明，饮酒后的宿醉似乎是挪威工作场所最大的药物滥用问题，导致缺勤和工作效率低下。对口腔液的分析显示，在工作前或工作场所使用非法药物比饮酒更常见。与单独使用问卷调查相比，口腔液分析可能是获得有关酒精和药物使用的额外信息的有价值的工具。
Background: The use of alcohol and drugs may affect workplace safety and productivity. Little is known about the magnitude of this problem in Norway.Methods: Employee recruitment methods with or without individual follow-up were compared. The employees filled in a questionnaire and provided a sample of oral fluid. Samples were analysed for alcohol, ethyl glucuronide (EtG; a biological marker of recent large alcohol intake), psychoactive medicinal drugs and illegal drugs.Results: Participation rates with and without individual follow-up were 96% and 68%, respectively. Alcohol was negative (2.2 ng/ml) in 2.1% of the samples. In-efficiency or hangover at work during the past year was reported by 24.3%, while 6.2% had been absent from work due to the use of alcohol. The combination of self-report and analytical testing indicated that medicinal or illegal drugs had been used during the last 48 h by 5.1% and 1.7% of the participants, respectively; while only 4.2% and 0.4% admitted the use in the questionnaire.Conclusions: Self-reported data suggest that hangover after drinking alcohol appears to be the largest substance abuse problem at Norwegian workplaces, resulting in absence and inefficiency at work. Analysis of oral fluid revealed that the use of illegal drugs was more common than drinking alcohol before working or at the workplace. The analysis of oral fluid may be a valuable tool in obtaining additional information on alcohol and drug use compared to using questionnaires alone.