Phylogenetic divergence of the Australian allodapine bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae).
Phylogenetic divergence of the Australian allodapine bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae).
复制标题
澳大利亚别洛达蜜蜂（膜翅目：蜜蜂科）的系统发育分歧。
DOI：
10.1016/s1055-7903(02)00402-5
复制
发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
S. Cooper
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. J. Bull;M. Schwarz;S. Cooper
异地黄蜂在非洲种类最多，但分布在东半球的热带和南半球地区。它们被认为对研究社会行为的演变很有用，因为它们展示了从孤独到高度社会性的所有社会组织(sensuMichener，1974；Wilson，1971)。在澳大利亚发现了五个属，即Braunsais属、Exoneurella属、Exoneura属、Brevineura属和Inquilina属。关于外生线虫属的社会性和生活史有很好的记载(Schwarz等人，1998)，而Inquilina是外生线虫物种的一种专性社会寄生虫(Michener，1965)。本文应用最大简约法和最大似然法，利用两个线粒体基因区(Cytb和Coi)和一个核基因区(EF-1α)的分子序列数据，重建了澳大利亚别碱属的系统发育关系。结果表明，Exoneuine组(Brevineura、Exoneuella和Exoneura+Inquilina)分化非常迅速，并且是单系的，排除了其他(主要是非洲)的Aldapine属。一个包含澳大利亚种的支系也是单系的，排除了非洲的同类。布劳恩萨皮斯人在系统发育上与外星人并不亲近，而且是一个比外星人更具衍生性的群体，很可能是通过后来在南亚地区的扩散而占领澳大利亚板块的。目前尚不清楚外周尿素组是如何占据澳大利亚板块的，并讨论了可能的情况。
Allodapine bees are most diverse in Africa but are distributed throughout the Old World tropical and Austral regions. They are considered useful for studies into the evolution of social behaviour since they exhibit the full range of social organisation from solitary to highly eusocial (sensuMichener, 1974; Wilson, 1971). Five genera are found in Australia, namely Braunsapis, Exoneurella, Exoneura, Brevineura, and Inquilina. Sociality and life histories are well documented for the exoneurine genera (review in Schwarz et al., 1998) and Inquilina is an obligate social parasite of species of Exoneura (Michener, 1965). In this paper, maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood methods using molecular sequence data from two mitochondrial gene regions (cyt b and COI) and a single nuclear gene region (EF-1α) are used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships of the Australian allodapine genera. Results suggest that the exoneurine group (Brevineura, Exoneurella, and Exoneura+Inquilina) diverged very rapidly and are monophyletic to the exclusion of other (primarily African) allodapine genera. A clade containing Australian species of Braunsapis is also monophyletic to the exclusion of African congeners. Braunsapis is not phylogenetically close to, and is a more derived group than the exoneurine group and probably came to occupy the Australian plate via a later dispersal through the southern Asian region. It is unclear at this point how the exoneurine group came to occupy the Australian plate and possible scenarios are discussed.