Assessing multiple risk behaviors in primary care - Screening issues and related concepts
Assessing multiple risk behaviors in primary care - Screening issues and related concepts
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2004.04.018
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Pronk, NP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Babor, TF;Sciamanna, CN;Pronk, NP
行为风险的概念是指增加各种疾病的可能性的健康行为。随着科学研究的增加，人们已经清楚地认识到，这一概念有助于理解行为与健康之间的联系。本文综述了科学，概念和实践中的问题有关的健康风险行为的识别在初级保健。它包括一个文献综述和从公共卫生的角度对筛查和健康风险评估的可行性进行分析，特别关注四个行为风险因素：吸烟，酗酒，缺乏身体活动和不健康的饮食。审查表明，有各种各样的可接受的筛查测试，可用于人口筛查计划，以及大量的健康风险评估工具，在医疗和工作环境中，预防性卫生服务。考虑到现有的评估程序多种多样，对特定工具的选择将取决于目标人群、方案的目的、可用于评估的时间以及一些其他实际考虑因素，如成本。多风险因素筛查是可行的，但没有一种仪器或程序是最适合所有风险因素或人群的。根据这项审查的结果，具体的测试或测试的组合是不太重要的，比使用筛选，使患者和医疗保健提供者更意识到监测行为风险因素的至关重要的常规基础上。我们的结论是，虽然需要做进一步的研究和开发工作，已经取得了足够的进展，以保证一个更雄心勃勃的努力，将行为风险因素筛查纳入预防医学和公共卫生的主流。(C)2004年美国预防医学杂志。
The concept of behavioral risk refers to health behaviors that increase the likelihood of a variety of illness conditions. With increased scientific research, it has become clear that this concept is useful in understanding the linkage between behavior and health. This paper reviews scientific, conceptual, and practical issues related to the identification of health risk behaviors in primary care. It includes both a literature review and an analysis of the feasibility of screening and health risk appraisal from a public health perspective, giving special attention to four behavioral risk factors: cigarette smoking, alcohol misuse, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet. The review indicates that there are a wide variety of acceptable screening tests that can be used for population screening programs, and a large number of health risk appraisal instruments to employ in medical and work settings where preventive health services are available. Given the variety of available assessment procedures, the choice of a given instrument will depend on the target population, the purpose of the program, the time available for assessment, and a number of other practical considerations, such as cost. Multiple risk factor screening is feasible, but there is no single instrument or procedure that is optimal for all risk factors or populations. Based on the results of this review, the specific test or combination of tests is less important than the use of screening to make both patients and healthcare providers more aware of the critical importance of monitoring behavioral risk factors on a routine basis. We conclude that while further research and development work needs to be done, sufficient progress has been made to warrant a more ambitious effort that would bring behavioral risk factor screening into the mainstream of preventive medicine and public health. (C) 2004 American journal of Preventive Medicine.