Development of chewing in children from 12 to 43 months: Longitudinal study of EMG patterns
Development of chewing in children from 12 to 43 months: Longitudinal study of EMG patterns
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.1997.77.5.2704
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发表时间：
1997-05-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
VanWitzenburg, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Green, JR;Moore, CA;VanWitzenburg, MJ
在咀嚼肌的协调组织的发展变化进行了纵向研究，在4个儿童超过49个实验会议跨越12-48个月的年龄范围。肌电图（EMG）记录获得的右，左咬肌，右，左颞肌，和二腹肌的前腹。两个独立的分析过程，一个依赖于识别肌肉激活的发作和偏移，第二个使用成对交叉相关技术。这两个分析的结果，这被认为是相互一致的，表明基本的咀嚼模式的咀嚼激活拮抗肌群是由12个月的年龄。然而，咀嚼效率似乎是通过在整个早期发展的咀嚼模式的各种变化得到改善。下颌升降肌之间的活动耦合被证明是加强与成熟。这些肌肉的起始和终止的同步性也增加。拮抗肌的共激活随发育而显著降低。这种拮抗性共激活的减少和下颌升降机之间同步性的增加，以及EMG爆发持续时间的平行减少，被认为是咀嚼效率增加的证据。在研究的年龄段中，没有发现咀嚼频率的显着差异。其他考虑因素包括这种协调基础设施是否适合其他发展中的口语技能，如语音产生。有人建议，相对固定的协调框架咀嚼这些儿童所表现出的不适合适应言语运动，这已被证明依赖于一个更多变和可调的协调组织。
Developmental changes in the coordinative organization of masticatory muscles were examined longitudinally in four children over 49 experimental sessions spanning the age range of 12-48 mo. Electromyographic (EMG) records were obtained for right and left masseter muscles, right and left temporalis muscles, and the anterior belly of the digastric. Two independent analytic processes were employed, one that relied on identification of onset and offset of muscle activation and a second that used pairwise cross-correlational techniques. The results of these two analyses, which were found to be consistent with each other, demonstrated that the basic chewing pattern of reciprocally activated antagonistic muscle groups is established by 12 mo of age. Nevertheless, chewing efficiency appears to be improved through a variety of changes in the chewing pattern throughout early development. Coupling of activity among the jaw elevator muscles was shown to strengthen with maturation. and the synchrony of onset and offset of these muscles also increased. Coactivation of antagonistic muscles decreased significantly with development. This decrease in antagonistic coactivation and increase in synchrony among jaw elevators, and a parallel decrease in EMG burst duration, were taken as evidence of increased chewing efficiency. No significant differences in the frequency of chewing were found across the ages studied. Additional considerations include the appropriateness of this coordinative infrastructure for other developing oromotor skills, such as speech production. It is suggested that the relatively fixed coordinative framework for chewing exhibited by these children would not be suitable for adaptation to speech movements, which have been shown to rely on a much more variable and adjustable coordinative organization.