Rechargeable nickel-3D zinc batteries: An energy-dense, safer alternative to lithium-ion
Rechargeable nickel-3D zinc batteries: An energy-dense, safer alternative to lithium-ion
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aak9991
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发表时间：
2017-04-28
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Rolison, Debra R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parker, Joseph F.;Chervin, Christopher N.;Rolison, Debra R.
下一代高性能电池应该包含比非水锂基电池更安全的替代化学物质。水性锌基电池可以应对这一挑战，因为单片锌海绵阳极可以在镍锌碱性电池中循环数百到数千次，而不会经历钝化或宏观枝晶的形成。我们证明，三维（3D）锌形状因子提高了镍锌碱性电池在三个使用领域的性能：(i)初级（一次性）电池中90%的理论放电深度（DODZn）， (ii) > 100次高倍率循环，40% DODZn，锂离子相当的比能量，以及（iii）起停微混合动力汽车所需的数万次电力需求占空比。
The next generation of high-performance batteries should include alternative chemistries that are inherently safer to operate than nonaqueous lithium-based batteries. Aqueous zinc-based batteries can answer that challenge because monolithic zinc sponge anodes can be cycled in nickel-zinc alkaline cells hundreds to thousands of times without undergoing passivation or macroscale dendrite formation. We demonstrate that the three-dimensional (3D) zinc form-factor elevates the performance of nickel-zinc alkaline cells in three fields of use: (i) > 90% theoretical depth of discharge (DODZn) in primary (single-use) cells, (ii) > 100 high-rate cycles at 40% DODZn at lithium-ion-commensurate specific energy, and (iii) the tens of thousands of power-demanding duty cycles required for start-stop microhybrid vehicles.